Cargando…
The Long and Short of It: The Emerging Roles of Non-Coding RNA in Small Extracellular Vesicles
Small extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a significant role in intercellular communication through their non-coding RNA (ncRNA) cargo. While the initial examination of EV cargo identified both mRNA and miRNA, later studies revealed a wealth of other types of EV-related non-randomly packed ncRNAs, inc...
Autores principales: | , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7352322/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32498257 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12061445 |
_version_ | 1783557610788618240 |
---|---|
author | Abramowicz, Agata Story, Michael D |
author_facet | Abramowicz, Agata Story, Michael D |
author_sort | Abramowicz, Agata |
collection | PubMed |
description | Small extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a significant role in intercellular communication through their non-coding RNA (ncRNA) cargo. While the initial examination of EV cargo identified both mRNA and miRNA, later studies revealed a wealth of other types of EV-related non-randomly packed ncRNAs, including tRNA and tRNA fragments, Y RNA, piRNA, rRNA, and lncRNA. A number of potential roles for these ncRNA species were suggested, with strong evidence provided in some cases, whereas the role for other ncRNA is more speculative. For example, long non-coding RNA might be used as a potential diagnostic tool but might also mediate resistance to certain cancer-specific chemotherapy agents. piRNAs, on the other hand, have a significant role in genome integrity, however, no role has yet been defined for the piRNAs found in EVs. While our knowledgebase for the function of ncRNA-containing EVs is still modest, the potential role that these EV-ensconced ncRNA might play is promising. This review summarizes the ncRNA content of EVs and describes the function where known, or the potential utility of EVs that harbor specific types of ncRNA. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7352322 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-73523222020-07-21 The Long and Short of It: The Emerging Roles of Non-Coding RNA in Small Extracellular Vesicles Abramowicz, Agata Story, Michael D Cancers (Basel) Review Small extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a significant role in intercellular communication through their non-coding RNA (ncRNA) cargo. While the initial examination of EV cargo identified both mRNA and miRNA, later studies revealed a wealth of other types of EV-related non-randomly packed ncRNAs, including tRNA and tRNA fragments, Y RNA, piRNA, rRNA, and lncRNA. A number of potential roles for these ncRNA species were suggested, with strong evidence provided in some cases, whereas the role for other ncRNA is more speculative. For example, long non-coding RNA might be used as a potential diagnostic tool but might also mediate resistance to certain cancer-specific chemotherapy agents. piRNAs, on the other hand, have a significant role in genome integrity, however, no role has yet been defined for the piRNAs found in EVs. While our knowledgebase for the function of ncRNA-containing EVs is still modest, the potential role that these EV-ensconced ncRNA might play is promising. This review summarizes the ncRNA content of EVs and describes the function where known, or the potential utility of EVs that harbor specific types of ncRNA. MDPI 2020-06-02 /pmc/articles/PMC7352322/ /pubmed/32498257 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12061445 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Abramowicz, Agata Story, Michael D The Long and Short of It: The Emerging Roles of Non-Coding RNA in Small Extracellular Vesicles |
title | The Long and Short of It: The Emerging Roles of Non-Coding RNA in Small Extracellular Vesicles |
title_full | The Long and Short of It: The Emerging Roles of Non-Coding RNA in Small Extracellular Vesicles |
title_fullStr | The Long and Short of It: The Emerging Roles of Non-Coding RNA in Small Extracellular Vesicles |
title_full_unstemmed | The Long and Short of It: The Emerging Roles of Non-Coding RNA in Small Extracellular Vesicles |
title_short | The Long and Short of It: The Emerging Roles of Non-Coding RNA in Small Extracellular Vesicles |
title_sort | long and short of it: the emerging roles of non-coding rna in small extracellular vesicles |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7352322/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32498257 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12061445 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT abramowiczagata thelongandshortofittheemergingrolesofnoncodingrnainsmallextracellularvesicles AT storymichaeld thelongandshortofittheemergingrolesofnoncodingrnainsmallextracellularvesicles AT abramowiczagata longandshortofittheemergingrolesofnoncodingrnainsmallextracellularvesicles AT storymichaeld longandshortofittheemergingrolesofnoncodingrnainsmallextracellularvesicles |