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Integrating the Tumor Microenvironment into Cancer Therapy
Tumor progression is mediated by reciprocal interaction between tumor cells and their surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME), which among other factors encompasses the extracellular milieu, immune cells, fibroblasts, and the vascular system. However, the complexity of cancer goes beyond the local...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7352326/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32599891 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12061677 |
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author | Sanegre, Sabina Lucantoni, Federico Burgos-Panadero, Rebeca de La Cruz-Merino, Luis Noguera, Rosa Álvaro Naranjo, Tomás |
author_facet | Sanegre, Sabina Lucantoni, Federico Burgos-Panadero, Rebeca de La Cruz-Merino, Luis Noguera, Rosa Álvaro Naranjo, Tomás |
author_sort | Sanegre, Sabina |
collection | PubMed |
description | Tumor progression is mediated by reciprocal interaction between tumor cells and their surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME), which among other factors encompasses the extracellular milieu, immune cells, fibroblasts, and the vascular system. However, the complexity of cancer goes beyond the local interaction of tumor cells with their microenvironment. We are on the path to understanding cancer from a systemic viewpoint where the host macroenvironment also plays a crucial role in determining tumor progression. Indeed, growing evidence is emerging on the impact of the gut microbiota, metabolism, biomechanics, and the neuroimmunological axis on cancer. Thus, external factors capable of influencing the entire body system, such as emotional stress, surgery, or psychosocial factors, must be taken into consideration for enhanced management and treatment of cancer patients. In this article, we review prognostic and predictive biomarkers, as well as their potential evaluation and quantitative analysis. Our overarching aim is to open up new fields of study and intervention possibilities, within the framework of an integral vision of cancer as a functional tissue with the capacity to respond to different non-cytotoxic factors, hormonal, immunological, and mechanical forces, and others inducing stroma and tumor reprogramming. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7352326 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-73523262020-07-21 Integrating the Tumor Microenvironment into Cancer Therapy Sanegre, Sabina Lucantoni, Federico Burgos-Panadero, Rebeca de La Cruz-Merino, Luis Noguera, Rosa Álvaro Naranjo, Tomás Cancers (Basel) Review Tumor progression is mediated by reciprocal interaction between tumor cells and their surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME), which among other factors encompasses the extracellular milieu, immune cells, fibroblasts, and the vascular system. However, the complexity of cancer goes beyond the local interaction of tumor cells with their microenvironment. We are on the path to understanding cancer from a systemic viewpoint where the host macroenvironment also plays a crucial role in determining tumor progression. Indeed, growing evidence is emerging on the impact of the gut microbiota, metabolism, biomechanics, and the neuroimmunological axis on cancer. Thus, external factors capable of influencing the entire body system, such as emotional stress, surgery, or psychosocial factors, must be taken into consideration for enhanced management and treatment of cancer patients. In this article, we review prognostic and predictive biomarkers, as well as their potential evaluation and quantitative analysis. Our overarching aim is to open up new fields of study and intervention possibilities, within the framework of an integral vision of cancer as a functional tissue with the capacity to respond to different non-cytotoxic factors, hormonal, immunological, and mechanical forces, and others inducing stroma and tumor reprogramming. MDPI 2020-06-24 /pmc/articles/PMC7352326/ /pubmed/32599891 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12061677 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Sanegre, Sabina Lucantoni, Federico Burgos-Panadero, Rebeca de La Cruz-Merino, Luis Noguera, Rosa Álvaro Naranjo, Tomás Integrating the Tumor Microenvironment into Cancer Therapy |
title | Integrating the Tumor Microenvironment into Cancer Therapy |
title_full | Integrating the Tumor Microenvironment into Cancer Therapy |
title_fullStr | Integrating the Tumor Microenvironment into Cancer Therapy |
title_full_unstemmed | Integrating the Tumor Microenvironment into Cancer Therapy |
title_short | Integrating the Tumor Microenvironment into Cancer Therapy |
title_sort | integrating the tumor microenvironment into cancer therapy |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7352326/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32599891 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers12061677 |
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