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Adenovirus Infections in African Humans and Wild Non-Human Primates: Great Diversity and Cross-Species Transmission

Non-human primates (NHPs) are known hosts for adenoviruses (AdVs), so there is the possibility of the zoonotic or cross-species transmission of AdVs. As with humans, AdV infections in animals can cause diseases that range from asymptomatic to fatal. The aim of this study was to investigate the occur...

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Autores principales: Medkour, Hacène, Amona, Inestin, Akiana, Jean, Davoust, Bernard, Bitam, Idir, Levasseur, Anthony, Tall, Mamadou Lamine, Diatta, Georges, Sokhna, Cheikh, Hernandez-Aguilar, Raquel Adriana, Barciela, Amanda, Gorsane, Slim, La Scola, Bernard, Raoult, Didier, Fenollar, Florence, Mediannikov, Oleg
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7354429/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32570742
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12060657
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author Medkour, Hacène
Amona, Inestin
Akiana, Jean
Davoust, Bernard
Bitam, Idir
Levasseur, Anthony
Tall, Mamadou Lamine
Diatta, Georges
Sokhna, Cheikh
Hernandez-Aguilar, Raquel Adriana
Barciela, Amanda
Gorsane, Slim
La Scola, Bernard
Raoult, Didier
Fenollar, Florence
Mediannikov, Oleg
author_facet Medkour, Hacène
Amona, Inestin
Akiana, Jean
Davoust, Bernard
Bitam, Idir
Levasseur, Anthony
Tall, Mamadou Lamine
Diatta, Georges
Sokhna, Cheikh
Hernandez-Aguilar, Raquel Adriana
Barciela, Amanda
Gorsane, Slim
La Scola, Bernard
Raoult, Didier
Fenollar, Florence
Mediannikov, Oleg
author_sort Medkour, Hacène
collection PubMed
description Non-human primates (NHPs) are known hosts for adenoviruses (AdVs), so there is the possibility of the zoonotic or cross-species transmission of AdVs. As with humans, AdV infections in animals can cause diseases that range from asymptomatic to fatal. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence and diversity of AdVs in: (i) fecal samples of apes and monkeys from different African countries (Republic of Congo, Senegal, Djibouti and Algeria), (ii) stool of humans living near gorillas in the Republic of Congo, in order to explore the potential zoonotic risks. Samples were screened by real-time and standard PCRs, followed by the sequencing of the partial DNA polymerase gene in order to identify the AdV species. The prevalence was 3.3 folds higher in NHPs than in humans. More than 1/3 (35.8%) of the NHPs and 1/10 (10.5%) of the humans excreted AdVs in their feces. The positive rate was high in great apes (46%), with a maximum of 54.2% in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and 35.9% in gorillas (Gorilla gorilla), followed by monkeys (25.6%), with 27.5% in Barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus) and 23.1% in baboons (seven Papio papio and six Papio hamadryas). No green monkeys (Chlorocebus sabaeus) were found to be positive for AdVs. The AdVs detected in NHPs were members of Human mastadenovirus E (HAdV-E), HAdV-C or HAdV-B, and those in the humans belonged to HAdV-C or HAdV-D. HAdV-C members were detected in both gorillas and humans, with evidence of zoonotic transmission since phylogenetic analysis revealed that gorilla AdVs belonging to HAdV-C were genetically identical to strains detected in humans who had been living around gorillas, and, inversely, a HAdV-C member HAdV type was detected in gorillas. This confirms the gorilla-to-human transmission of adenovirus. which has been reported previously. In addition, HAdV-E members, the most often detected here, are widely distributed among NHP species regardless of their origin, i.e., HAdV-E members seem to lack host specificity. Virus isolation was successful from a human sample and the strain of the Mbo024 genome, of 35 kb, that was identified as belonging to HAdV-D, exhibited close identity to HAdV-D members for all genes. This study provides information on the AdVs that infect African NHPs and the human populations living nearby, with an evident zoonotic transmission. It is likely that AdVs crossed the species barrier between different NHP species (especially HAdV-E members), between NHPs and humans (especially HAdV-C), but also between humans, NHPs and other animal species.
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spelling pubmed-73544292020-08-05 Adenovirus Infections in African Humans and Wild Non-Human Primates: Great Diversity and Cross-Species Transmission Medkour, Hacène Amona, Inestin Akiana, Jean Davoust, Bernard Bitam, Idir Levasseur, Anthony Tall, Mamadou Lamine Diatta, Georges Sokhna, Cheikh Hernandez-Aguilar, Raquel Adriana Barciela, Amanda Gorsane, Slim La Scola, Bernard Raoult, Didier Fenollar, Florence Mediannikov, Oleg Viruses Article Non-human primates (NHPs) are known hosts for adenoviruses (AdVs), so there is the possibility of the zoonotic or cross-species transmission of AdVs. As with humans, AdV infections in animals can cause diseases that range from asymptomatic to fatal. The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence and diversity of AdVs in: (i) fecal samples of apes and monkeys from different African countries (Republic of Congo, Senegal, Djibouti and Algeria), (ii) stool of humans living near gorillas in the Republic of Congo, in order to explore the potential zoonotic risks. Samples were screened by real-time and standard PCRs, followed by the sequencing of the partial DNA polymerase gene in order to identify the AdV species. The prevalence was 3.3 folds higher in NHPs than in humans. More than 1/3 (35.8%) of the NHPs and 1/10 (10.5%) of the humans excreted AdVs in their feces. The positive rate was high in great apes (46%), with a maximum of 54.2% in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and 35.9% in gorillas (Gorilla gorilla), followed by monkeys (25.6%), with 27.5% in Barbary macaques (Macaca sylvanus) and 23.1% in baboons (seven Papio papio and six Papio hamadryas). No green monkeys (Chlorocebus sabaeus) were found to be positive for AdVs. The AdVs detected in NHPs were members of Human mastadenovirus E (HAdV-E), HAdV-C or HAdV-B, and those in the humans belonged to HAdV-C or HAdV-D. HAdV-C members were detected in both gorillas and humans, with evidence of zoonotic transmission since phylogenetic analysis revealed that gorilla AdVs belonging to HAdV-C were genetically identical to strains detected in humans who had been living around gorillas, and, inversely, a HAdV-C member HAdV type was detected in gorillas. This confirms the gorilla-to-human transmission of adenovirus. which has been reported previously. In addition, HAdV-E members, the most often detected here, are widely distributed among NHP species regardless of their origin, i.e., HAdV-E members seem to lack host specificity. Virus isolation was successful from a human sample and the strain of the Mbo024 genome, of 35 kb, that was identified as belonging to HAdV-D, exhibited close identity to HAdV-D members for all genes. This study provides information on the AdVs that infect African NHPs and the human populations living nearby, with an evident zoonotic transmission. It is likely that AdVs crossed the species barrier between different NHP species (especially HAdV-E members), between NHPs and humans (especially HAdV-C), but also between humans, NHPs and other animal species. MDPI 2020-06-18 /pmc/articles/PMC7354429/ /pubmed/32570742 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12060657 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Medkour, Hacène
Amona, Inestin
Akiana, Jean
Davoust, Bernard
Bitam, Idir
Levasseur, Anthony
Tall, Mamadou Lamine
Diatta, Georges
Sokhna, Cheikh
Hernandez-Aguilar, Raquel Adriana
Barciela, Amanda
Gorsane, Slim
La Scola, Bernard
Raoult, Didier
Fenollar, Florence
Mediannikov, Oleg
Adenovirus Infections in African Humans and Wild Non-Human Primates: Great Diversity and Cross-Species Transmission
title Adenovirus Infections in African Humans and Wild Non-Human Primates: Great Diversity and Cross-Species Transmission
title_full Adenovirus Infections in African Humans and Wild Non-Human Primates: Great Diversity and Cross-Species Transmission
title_fullStr Adenovirus Infections in African Humans and Wild Non-Human Primates: Great Diversity and Cross-Species Transmission
title_full_unstemmed Adenovirus Infections in African Humans and Wild Non-Human Primates: Great Diversity and Cross-Species Transmission
title_short Adenovirus Infections in African Humans and Wild Non-Human Primates: Great Diversity and Cross-Species Transmission
title_sort adenovirus infections in african humans and wild non-human primates: great diversity and cross-species transmission
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7354429/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32570742
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12060657
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