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Cylindrospermopsin-Microcystin-LR Combinations May Induce Genotoxic and Histopathological Damage in Rats
Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) and microcystins (MC) are cyanotoxins that can occur simultaneously in contaminated water and food. CYN/MC-LR mixtures previously investigated in vitro showed an induction of micronucleus (MN) formation only in the presence of the metabolic fraction S9. When this is the case...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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MDPI
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7354441/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32466519 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins12060348 |
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author | Díez-Quijada, Leticia Medrano-Padial, Concepción Llana-Ruiz-Cabello, María Cătunescu, Giorgiana M. Moyano, Rosario Risalde, Maria A. Cameán, Ana M. Jos, Ángeles |
author_facet | Díez-Quijada, Leticia Medrano-Padial, Concepción Llana-Ruiz-Cabello, María Cătunescu, Giorgiana M. Moyano, Rosario Risalde, Maria A. Cameán, Ana M. Jos, Ángeles |
author_sort | Díez-Quijada, Leticia |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) and microcystins (MC) are cyanotoxins that can occur simultaneously in contaminated water and food. CYN/MC-LR mixtures previously investigated in vitro showed an induction of micronucleus (MN) formation only in the presence of the metabolic fraction S9. When this is the case, the European Food Safety Authority recommends a follow up to in vivo testing. Thus, rats were orally exposed to 7.5 + 75, 23.7 + 237, and 75 + 750 μg CYN/MC-LR/kg body weight (b.w.). The MN test in bone marrow was performed, and the standard and modified comet assays were carried out to measure DNA strand breaks or oxidative DNA damage in stomach, liver, and blood cells. The results revealed an increase in MN formation in bone marrow, at all the assayed doses. However, no DNA strand breaks nor oxidative DNA damage were induced, as shown in the comet assays. The histopathological study indicated alterations only in the highest dose group. Liver was the target organ showing fatty degeneration and necrotic hepatocytes in centrilobular areas, as well as a light mononuclear inflammatory periportal infiltrate. Additionally, the stomach had flaking epithelium and mild necrosis of epithelial cells. Therefore, the combined exposure to cyanotoxins may induce genotoxic and histopathological damage in vivo. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7354441 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-73544412020-08-05 Cylindrospermopsin-Microcystin-LR Combinations May Induce Genotoxic and Histopathological Damage in Rats Díez-Quijada, Leticia Medrano-Padial, Concepción Llana-Ruiz-Cabello, María Cătunescu, Giorgiana M. Moyano, Rosario Risalde, Maria A. Cameán, Ana M. Jos, Ángeles Toxins (Basel) Article Cylindrospermopsin (CYN) and microcystins (MC) are cyanotoxins that can occur simultaneously in contaminated water and food. CYN/MC-LR mixtures previously investigated in vitro showed an induction of micronucleus (MN) formation only in the presence of the metabolic fraction S9. When this is the case, the European Food Safety Authority recommends a follow up to in vivo testing. Thus, rats were orally exposed to 7.5 + 75, 23.7 + 237, and 75 + 750 μg CYN/MC-LR/kg body weight (b.w.). The MN test in bone marrow was performed, and the standard and modified comet assays were carried out to measure DNA strand breaks or oxidative DNA damage in stomach, liver, and blood cells. The results revealed an increase in MN formation in bone marrow, at all the assayed doses. However, no DNA strand breaks nor oxidative DNA damage were induced, as shown in the comet assays. The histopathological study indicated alterations only in the highest dose group. Liver was the target organ showing fatty degeneration and necrotic hepatocytes in centrilobular areas, as well as a light mononuclear inflammatory periportal infiltrate. Additionally, the stomach had flaking epithelium and mild necrosis of epithelial cells. Therefore, the combined exposure to cyanotoxins may induce genotoxic and histopathological damage in vivo. MDPI 2020-05-26 /pmc/articles/PMC7354441/ /pubmed/32466519 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins12060348 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Díez-Quijada, Leticia Medrano-Padial, Concepción Llana-Ruiz-Cabello, María Cătunescu, Giorgiana M. Moyano, Rosario Risalde, Maria A. Cameán, Ana M. Jos, Ángeles Cylindrospermopsin-Microcystin-LR Combinations May Induce Genotoxic and Histopathological Damage in Rats |
title | Cylindrospermopsin-Microcystin-LR Combinations May Induce Genotoxic and Histopathological Damage in Rats |
title_full | Cylindrospermopsin-Microcystin-LR Combinations May Induce Genotoxic and Histopathological Damage in Rats |
title_fullStr | Cylindrospermopsin-Microcystin-LR Combinations May Induce Genotoxic and Histopathological Damage in Rats |
title_full_unstemmed | Cylindrospermopsin-Microcystin-LR Combinations May Induce Genotoxic and Histopathological Damage in Rats |
title_short | Cylindrospermopsin-Microcystin-LR Combinations May Induce Genotoxic and Histopathological Damage in Rats |
title_sort | cylindrospermopsin-microcystin-lr combinations may induce genotoxic and histopathological damage in rats |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7354441/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32466519 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins12060348 |
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