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The Pneumococcal Polysaccharide-Tetanus Toxin Native C-Fragment Conjugate Vaccine: The Carrier Effect and Immunogenicity

The encapsulated bacteria, as Streptococcus pneumonia, Haemophilus influenzae type b, and Neisseria meningitidis, cause serious morbidity and mortality worldwide. The capsular polysaccharide (PS), which could elicit a weak T cell-independent immune response, is a vital virulence determinant. One of...

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Autores principales: Yu, Rui, Xu, Junjie, Hu, Tao, Chen, Wei
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Hindawi 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7355367/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32714092
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9596129
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author Yu, Rui
Xu, Junjie
Hu, Tao
Chen, Wei
author_facet Yu, Rui
Xu, Junjie
Hu, Tao
Chen, Wei
author_sort Yu, Rui
collection PubMed
description The encapsulated bacteria, as Streptococcus pneumonia, Haemophilus influenzae type b, and Neisseria meningitidis, cause serious morbidity and mortality worldwide. The capsular polysaccharide (PS), which could elicit a weak T cell-independent immune response, is a vital virulence determinant. One of the strategies to improve the PS-specific immunogenicity is to conjugate PS with a nontoxic carrier protein. Tetanus toxoid (TT) and CRM(197) are the typical carrier proteins for the PS conjugate vaccines. TT is the inactivated tetanus toxin manipulated with formaldehyde, which suffers from the pollution from residual formaldehyde and the incomplete detoxification. CRM(197) has the disadvantage of low-yield purification with the requirement of sophisticated culture conditions. Thus, a novel carrier protein without these disadvantages is highly required. The tetanus toxin native C-fragment (Hc) is safe, low-cost, and highly immunogenic with easy purification, which can act as a promising carrier protein. Pneumococcal serogroups 14 and 23F were major epidemic causes of pneumococcal infections. In the present study, the capsular PSs (PS14 and PS23F) were conjugated with Hc, TT, and CRM(197), respectively. TT- and CRM(197)-based conjugates acted as controls for Hc-based conjugates (PS14-Hc and PS23F-Hc). The structural properties of Hc were not fundamentally changed after conjugated with PS. PS14-Hc and PS23F-Hc could potentiate sound PS-specific antibody levels comparable to the controls. Thus, Hc exhibited a practical carrier effect to help the pneumococcal conjugate vaccines perform good immunogenicities.
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spelling pubmed-73553672020-07-24 The Pneumococcal Polysaccharide-Tetanus Toxin Native C-Fragment Conjugate Vaccine: The Carrier Effect and Immunogenicity Yu, Rui Xu, Junjie Hu, Tao Chen, Wei Mediators Inflamm Research Article The encapsulated bacteria, as Streptococcus pneumonia, Haemophilus influenzae type b, and Neisseria meningitidis, cause serious morbidity and mortality worldwide. The capsular polysaccharide (PS), which could elicit a weak T cell-independent immune response, is a vital virulence determinant. One of the strategies to improve the PS-specific immunogenicity is to conjugate PS with a nontoxic carrier protein. Tetanus toxoid (TT) and CRM(197) are the typical carrier proteins for the PS conjugate vaccines. TT is the inactivated tetanus toxin manipulated with formaldehyde, which suffers from the pollution from residual formaldehyde and the incomplete detoxification. CRM(197) has the disadvantage of low-yield purification with the requirement of sophisticated culture conditions. Thus, a novel carrier protein without these disadvantages is highly required. The tetanus toxin native C-fragment (Hc) is safe, low-cost, and highly immunogenic with easy purification, which can act as a promising carrier protein. Pneumococcal serogroups 14 and 23F were major epidemic causes of pneumococcal infections. In the present study, the capsular PSs (PS14 and PS23F) were conjugated with Hc, TT, and CRM(197), respectively. TT- and CRM(197)-based conjugates acted as controls for Hc-based conjugates (PS14-Hc and PS23F-Hc). The structural properties of Hc were not fundamentally changed after conjugated with PS. PS14-Hc and PS23F-Hc could potentiate sound PS-specific antibody levels comparable to the controls. Thus, Hc exhibited a practical carrier effect to help the pneumococcal conjugate vaccines perform good immunogenicities. Hindawi 2020-07-04 /pmc/articles/PMC7355367/ /pubmed/32714092 http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9596129 Text en Copyright © 2020 Rui Yu et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Yu, Rui
Xu, Junjie
Hu, Tao
Chen, Wei
The Pneumococcal Polysaccharide-Tetanus Toxin Native C-Fragment Conjugate Vaccine: The Carrier Effect and Immunogenicity
title The Pneumococcal Polysaccharide-Tetanus Toxin Native C-Fragment Conjugate Vaccine: The Carrier Effect and Immunogenicity
title_full The Pneumococcal Polysaccharide-Tetanus Toxin Native C-Fragment Conjugate Vaccine: The Carrier Effect and Immunogenicity
title_fullStr The Pneumococcal Polysaccharide-Tetanus Toxin Native C-Fragment Conjugate Vaccine: The Carrier Effect and Immunogenicity
title_full_unstemmed The Pneumococcal Polysaccharide-Tetanus Toxin Native C-Fragment Conjugate Vaccine: The Carrier Effect and Immunogenicity
title_short The Pneumococcal Polysaccharide-Tetanus Toxin Native C-Fragment Conjugate Vaccine: The Carrier Effect and Immunogenicity
title_sort pneumococcal polysaccharide-tetanus toxin native c-fragment conjugate vaccine: the carrier effect and immunogenicity
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7355367/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32714092
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9596129
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