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Computational Biomechanics: In-Silico Tools for the Investigation of Surgical Procedures and Devices

Biomechanical investigations of surgical procedures and devices are usually developed by means of human or animal models. The exploitation of computational methods and tools can reduce, refine, and replace (3R) the animal experimentations for scientific purposes and for pre-clinical research. The co...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Carniel, Emanuele Luigi, Toniolo, Ilaria, Fontanella, Chiara Giulia
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7357080/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32486216
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering7020048
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author Carniel, Emanuele Luigi
Toniolo, Ilaria
Fontanella, Chiara Giulia
author_facet Carniel, Emanuele Luigi
Toniolo, Ilaria
Fontanella, Chiara Giulia
author_sort Carniel, Emanuele Luigi
collection PubMed
description Biomechanical investigations of surgical procedures and devices are usually developed by means of human or animal models. The exploitation of computational methods and tools can reduce, refine, and replace (3R) the animal experimentations for scientific purposes and for pre-clinical research. The computational model of a biological structure characterizes both its geometrical conformation and the mechanical behavior of its building tissues. Model development requires coupled experimental and computational activities. Medical images and anthropometric information provide the geometrical definition of the computational model. Histological investigations and mechanical tests on tissue samples allow for characterizing biological tissues’ mechanical response by means of constitutive models. The assessment of computational model reliability requires comparing model results and data from further experimentations. Computational methods allow for the in-silico analysis of surgical procedures and devices’ functionality considering many different influencing variables, the experimental investigation of which should be extremely expensive and time consuming. Furthermore, computational methods provide information that experimental methods barely supply, as the strain and the stress fields that regulate important mechano-biological phenomena. In this work, general notes about the development of biomechanical tools are proposed, together with specific applications to different fields, as dental implantology and bariatric surgery.
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spelling pubmed-73570802020-07-23 Computational Biomechanics: In-Silico Tools for the Investigation of Surgical Procedures and Devices Carniel, Emanuele Luigi Toniolo, Ilaria Fontanella, Chiara Giulia Bioengineering (Basel) Review Biomechanical investigations of surgical procedures and devices are usually developed by means of human or animal models. The exploitation of computational methods and tools can reduce, refine, and replace (3R) the animal experimentations for scientific purposes and for pre-clinical research. The computational model of a biological structure characterizes both its geometrical conformation and the mechanical behavior of its building tissues. Model development requires coupled experimental and computational activities. Medical images and anthropometric information provide the geometrical definition of the computational model. Histological investigations and mechanical tests on tissue samples allow for characterizing biological tissues’ mechanical response by means of constitutive models. The assessment of computational model reliability requires comparing model results and data from further experimentations. Computational methods allow for the in-silico analysis of surgical procedures and devices’ functionality considering many different influencing variables, the experimental investigation of which should be extremely expensive and time consuming. Furthermore, computational methods provide information that experimental methods barely supply, as the strain and the stress fields that regulate important mechano-biological phenomena. In this work, general notes about the development of biomechanical tools are proposed, together with specific applications to different fields, as dental implantology and bariatric surgery. MDPI 2020-05-30 /pmc/articles/PMC7357080/ /pubmed/32486216 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering7020048 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Carniel, Emanuele Luigi
Toniolo, Ilaria
Fontanella, Chiara Giulia
Computational Biomechanics: In-Silico Tools for the Investigation of Surgical Procedures and Devices
title Computational Biomechanics: In-Silico Tools for the Investigation of Surgical Procedures and Devices
title_full Computational Biomechanics: In-Silico Tools for the Investigation of Surgical Procedures and Devices
title_fullStr Computational Biomechanics: In-Silico Tools for the Investigation of Surgical Procedures and Devices
title_full_unstemmed Computational Biomechanics: In-Silico Tools for the Investigation of Surgical Procedures and Devices
title_short Computational Biomechanics: In-Silico Tools for the Investigation of Surgical Procedures and Devices
title_sort computational biomechanics: in-silico tools for the investigation of surgical procedures and devices
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7357080/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32486216
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bioengineering7020048
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