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Phylogeography and Genetic Diversity in a Southern North American Desert: Agave kerchovei From the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley, Mexico

The Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley, located at the southeast of the state of Puebla and the northeast of the state of Oaxaca in Central Mexico, south of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (TMVB), is of particular interest for understanding the evolutionary dynamics of arid and semi-arid environments, being...

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Autores principales: Aguirre-Planter, Erika, Parra-Leyva, J. Gilberto, Ramírez-Barahona, Santiago, Scheinvar, Enrique, Lira-Saade, Rafael, Eguiarte, Luis E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7358651/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32733498
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00863
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author Aguirre-Planter, Erika
Parra-Leyva, J. Gilberto
Ramírez-Barahona, Santiago
Scheinvar, Enrique
Lira-Saade, Rafael
Eguiarte, Luis E.
author_facet Aguirre-Planter, Erika
Parra-Leyva, J. Gilberto
Ramírez-Barahona, Santiago
Scheinvar, Enrique
Lira-Saade, Rafael
Eguiarte, Luis E.
author_sort Aguirre-Planter, Erika
collection PubMed
description The Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley, located at the southeast of the state of Puebla and the northeast of the state of Oaxaca in Central Mexico, south of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (TMVB), is of particular interest for understanding the evolutionary dynamics of arid and semi-arid environments, being one of the main reservoirs of biological diversity for the arid zones of North America, including the highest diversity of Agavaceae worldwide and high levels of endemism. Studying in detail the phylogeography, environmental history and population genetics of representative species will hopefully shed light on the evolutionary and ecological dynamics that generated the tremendous biodiversity and endemism of this important region in Mexico. We sequenced three non-coding regions of chloroplast genome of Agave kerchovei, a representative species of the Tehuacán Valley, generating 2,188 bp from 128 individuals sampled from eight populations throughout the species range. We used this data set to (i) characterize the levels of genetic diversity and genetic structure in A. kerchovei; (ii) predict the distribution of A. kerchovei for the present day, and to reconstruct the past geographical history of the species by constructing ecological niche models (ENM); and (iii) compare the levels of diversity in this species with those estimated for the widely distributed Agave lechuguilla. Agave kerchovei has high levels of total chloroplast genetic variation (Hd = 0.718), especially considering that it is a species with a very restricted distribution. However, intrapopulation diversity is low (zero in some populations), and genetic structure is high (F(ST) = 0.928, G(ST) = 0.824), which can be expected for endemic species with isolated populations. Our data suggest that Pleistocene glacial cycles have played an important role in the distribution of A. kerchovei, where the climatic variability of the region – likely associated with its topographic complexity – had a significant effect on the levels of genetic diversity and population dynamics, while the potential distribution of the species seems to be stable since the middle Holocene (6 kya). We conclude that in A. kerchovei there is a core group of populations in the Tehuacán Valley, and peripheric populations that appear to be evolving independently and thus the species is fundamentally an endemic species from the Tehuacán Valley while the populations outside the Valley appear to be in the process of incipient speciation.
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spelling pubmed-73586512020-07-29 Phylogeography and Genetic Diversity in a Southern North American Desert: Agave kerchovei From the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley, Mexico Aguirre-Planter, Erika Parra-Leyva, J. Gilberto Ramírez-Barahona, Santiago Scheinvar, Enrique Lira-Saade, Rafael Eguiarte, Luis E. Front Plant Sci Plant Science The Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley, located at the southeast of the state of Puebla and the northeast of the state of Oaxaca in Central Mexico, south of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (TMVB), is of particular interest for understanding the evolutionary dynamics of arid and semi-arid environments, being one of the main reservoirs of biological diversity for the arid zones of North America, including the highest diversity of Agavaceae worldwide and high levels of endemism. Studying in detail the phylogeography, environmental history and population genetics of representative species will hopefully shed light on the evolutionary and ecological dynamics that generated the tremendous biodiversity and endemism of this important region in Mexico. We sequenced three non-coding regions of chloroplast genome of Agave kerchovei, a representative species of the Tehuacán Valley, generating 2,188 bp from 128 individuals sampled from eight populations throughout the species range. We used this data set to (i) characterize the levels of genetic diversity and genetic structure in A. kerchovei; (ii) predict the distribution of A. kerchovei for the present day, and to reconstruct the past geographical history of the species by constructing ecological niche models (ENM); and (iii) compare the levels of diversity in this species with those estimated for the widely distributed Agave lechuguilla. Agave kerchovei has high levels of total chloroplast genetic variation (Hd = 0.718), especially considering that it is a species with a very restricted distribution. However, intrapopulation diversity is low (zero in some populations), and genetic structure is high (F(ST) = 0.928, G(ST) = 0.824), which can be expected for endemic species with isolated populations. Our data suggest that Pleistocene glacial cycles have played an important role in the distribution of A. kerchovei, where the climatic variability of the region – likely associated with its topographic complexity – had a significant effect on the levels of genetic diversity and population dynamics, while the potential distribution of the species seems to be stable since the middle Holocene (6 kya). We conclude that in A. kerchovei there is a core group of populations in the Tehuacán Valley, and peripheric populations that appear to be evolving independently and thus the species is fundamentally an endemic species from the Tehuacán Valley while the populations outside the Valley appear to be in the process of incipient speciation. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-06-23 /pmc/articles/PMC7358651/ /pubmed/32733498 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00863 Text en Copyright © 2020 Aguirre-Planter, Parra-Leyva, Ramírez-Barahona, Scheinvar, Lira-Saade and Eguiarte. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Aguirre-Planter, Erika
Parra-Leyva, J. Gilberto
Ramírez-Barahona, Santiago
Scheinvar, Enrique
Lira-Saade, Rafael
Eguiarte, Luis E.
Phylogeography and Genetic Diversity in a Southern North American Desert: Agave kerchovei From the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley, Mexico
title Phylogeography and Genetic Diversity in a Southern North American Desert: Agave kerchovei From the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley, Mexico
title_full Phylogeography and Genetic Diversity in a Southern North American Desert: Agave kerchovei From the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley, Mexico
title_fullStr Phylogeography and Genetic Diversity in a Southern North American Desert: Agave kerchovei From the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley, Mexico
title_full_unstemmed Phylogeography and Genetic Diversity in a Southern North American Desert: Agave kerchovei From the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley, Mexico
title_short Phylogeography and Genetic Diversity in a Southern North American Desert: Agave kerchovei From the Tehuacán-Cuicatlán Valley, Mexico
title_sort phylogeography and genetic diversity in a southern north american desert: agave kerchovei from the tehuacán-cuicatlán valley, mexico
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7358651/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32733498
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2020.00863
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