Current Status and Recommendations in Multimodal Neuromonitoring

Every patient in neurocritical care evolves through two phases. Acute pathologies are addressed first. These include trauma, hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke, or neuroinfection. Soon after, the concentration shifts to identifying secondary pathologies like fever, seizures, and ischemia, which may exacerbate the brain injury. Frequent bedside examinations are not sufficient for timely detection and prevention of secondary brain injury (SBI) as per the International Multidisciplinary Consensus Conference on Multimodality Monitoring in Neurocritical Care. Multimodality monitoring (MMM) can help in tailoring treatment decisions to prevent such a brain injury. Multimodal neuromonitoring involves data-guided therapeutic interventions by employing various tools and data integration to understand brain physiology. Monitors provide real-time information on cerebral hemodynamics, oxygenation, metabolism, and electrophysiology. The monitors may be invasive/noninvasive and global/regional. We have reviewed such technologies in this write-up. Novel themes like bioinformatics, clinical research, and device development will also be discussed. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Ruhatiya RS, Adukia SA, Manjunath RB, Maheshwarappa HM. Current Status and Recommendations in Multimodal Neuromonitoring. Indian J Crit Care Med 2020;24(5):353–360.