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A perceptual scaling approach to eyewitness identification
Eyewitness misidentification accounts for 70% of verified erroneous convictions. To address this alarming phenomenon, research has focused on factors that influence likelihood of correct identification, such as the manner in which a lineup is conducted. Traditional lineups rely on overt eyewitness r...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7360747/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32665586 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-17194-5 |
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author | Gepshtein, Sergei Wang, Yurong He, Fangchao Diep, Dinh Albright, Thomas D. |
author_facet | Gepshtein, Sergei Wang, Yurong He, Fangchao Diep, Dinh Albright, Thomas D. |
author_sort | Gepshtein, Sergei |
collection | PubMed |
description | Eyewitness misidentification accounts for 70% of verified erroneous convictions. To address this alarming phenomenon, research has focused on factors that influence likelihood of correct identification, such as the manner in which a lineup is conducted. Traditional lineups rely on overt eyewitness responses that confound two covert factors: strength of recognition memory and the criterion for deciding what memory strength is sufficient for identification. Here we describe a lineup that permits estimation of memory strength independent of decision criterion. Our procedure employs powerful techniques developed in studies of perception and memory: perceptual scaling and signal detection analysis. Using these tools, we scale memory strengths elicited by lineup faces, and quantify performance of a binary classifier tasked with distinguishing perpetrator from innocent suspect. This approach reveals structure of memory inaccessible using traditional lineups and renders accurate identifications uninfluenced by decision bias. The approach furthermore yields a quantitative index of individual eyewitness performance. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7360747 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-73607472020-07-20 A perceptual scaling approach to eyewitness identification Gepshtein, Sergei Wang, Yurong He, Fangchao Diep, Dinh Albright, Thomas D. Nat Commun Article Eyewitness misidentification accounts for 70% of verified erroneous convictions. To address this alarming phenomenon, research has focused on factors that influence likelihood of correct identification, such as the manner in which a lineup is conducted. Traditional lineups rely on overt eyewitness responses that confound two covert factors: strength of recognition memory and the criterion for deciding what memory strength is sufficient for identification. Here we describe a lineup that permits estimation of memory strength independent of decision criterion. Our procedure employs powerful techniques developed in studies of perception and memory: perceptual scaling and signal detection analysis. Using these tools, we scale memory strengths elicited by lineup faces, and quantify performance of a binary classifier tasked with distinguishing perpetrator from innocent suspect. This approach reveals structure of memory inaccessible using traditional lineups and renders accurate identifications uninfluenced by decision bias. The approach furthermore yields a quantitative index of individual eyewitness performance. Nature Publishing Group UK 2020-07-14 /pmc/articles/PMC7360747/ /pubmed/32665586 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-17194-5 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. |
spellingShingle | Article Gepshtein, Sergei Wang, Yurong He, Fangchao Diep, Dinh Albright, Thomas D. A perceptual scaling approach to eyewitness identification |
title | A perceptual scaling approach to eyewitness identification |
title_full | A perceptual scaling approach to eyewitness identification |
title_fullStr | A perceptual scaling approach to eyewitness identification |
title_full_unstemmed | A perceptual scaling approach to eyewitness identification |
title_short | A perceptual scaling approach to eyewitness identification |
title_sort | perceptual scaling approach to eyewitness identification |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7360747/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32665586 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-17194-5 |
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