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Particle Size Related Effects of Multi-Component Flame-Retardant Systems in poly(butadiene terephthalate)

Aluminum tris-(diethylphosphinate) (AlPi) is known to have an efficient flame-retardant effect when used in poly(butadiene terephthalates) (PBT). Additionally, better flame-retardant effects can be achieved through the partial substitution of AlPi by boehmite in multi-component systems, which have b...

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Autores principales: Tomiak, Florian, Schartel, Bernhard, Wolf, Michael, Drummer, Dietmar
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7361971/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32526893
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12061315
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author Tomiak, Florian
Schartel, Bernhard
Wolf, Michael
Drummer, Dietmar
author_facet Tomiak, Florian
Schartel, Bernhard
Wolf, Michael
Drummer, Dietmar
author_sort Tomiak, Florian
collection PubMed
description Aluminum tris-(diethylphosphinate) (AlPi) is known to have an efficient flame-retardant effect when used in poly(butadiene terephthalates) (PBT). Additionally, better flame-retardant effects can be achieved through the partial substitution of AlPi by boehmite in multi-component systems, which have been shown to be an effective synergist due to cooling effects and residue formation. Although the potential of beneficial effects is generally well known, the influence of particle sizes and behavior in synergistic compositions are still unknown. Within this paper, it is shown that the synergistic effects in flammability measured by limiting oxygen index (LOI) can vary depending on the particle size distribution used in PBT. In conducting thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measurements, it was observed that smaller boehmite particles result in slightly increased char yields, most probably due to increased reactivity of the metal oxides formed, and they react slightly earlier than larger boehmite particles. This leads to an earlier release of water into the system enhancing the hydrolysis of PBT. Supported by Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), we propose that the later reactions of the larger boehmite particles decrease the portion of highly flammable tetrahydrofuran in the gas phase within early burning stages. Therefore, the LOI index increased by 4 vol.% when lager boehmite particles were used for the synergistic mixture.
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spelling pubmed-73619712020-07-21 Particle Size Related Effects of Multi-Component Flame-Retardant Systems in poly(butadiene terephthalate) Tomiak, Florian Schartel, Bernhard Wolf, Michael Drummer, Dietmar Polymers (Basel) Article Aluminum tris-(diethylphosphinate) (AlPi) is known to have an efficient flame-retardant effect when used in poly(butadiene terephthalates) (PBT). Additionally, better flame-retardant effects can be achieved through the partial substitution of AlPi by boehmite in multi-component systems, which have been shown to be an effective synergist due to cooling effects and residue formation. Although the potential of beneficial effects is generally well known, the influence of particle sizes and behavior in synergistic compositions are still unknown. Within this paper, it is shown that the synergistic effects in flammability measured by limiting oxygen index (LOI) can vary depending on the particle size distribution used in PBT. In conducting thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measurements, it was observed that smaller boehmite particles result in slightly increased char yields, most probably due to increased reactivity of the metal oxides formed, and they react slightly earlier than larger boehmite particles. This leads to an earlier release of water into the system enhancing the hydrolysis of PBT. Supported by Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), we propose that the later reactions of the larger boehmite particles decrease the portion of highly flammable tetrahydrofuran in the gas phase within early burning stages. Therefore, the LOI index increased by 4 vol.% when lager boehmite particles were used for the synergistic mixture. MDPI 2020-06-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7361971/ /pubmed/32526893 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12061315 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Tomiak, Florian
Schartel, Bernhard
Wolf, Michael
Drummer, Dietmar
Particle Size Related Effects of Multi-Component Flame-Retardant Systems in poly(butadiene terephthalate)
title Particle Size Related Effects of Multi-Component Flame-Retardant Systems in poly(butadiene terephthalate)
title_full Particle Size Related Effects of Multi-Component Flame-Retardant Systems in poly(butadiene terephthalate)
title_fullStr Particle Size Related Effects of Multi-Component Flame-Retardant Systems in poly(butadiene terephthalate)
title_full_unstemmed Particle Size Related Effects of Multi-Component Flame-Retardant Systems in poly(butadiene terephthalate)
title_short Particle Size Related Effects of Multi-Component Flame-Retardant Systems in poly(butadiene terephthalate)
title_sort particle size related effects of multi-component flame-retardant systems in poly(butadiene terephthalate)
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7361971/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32526893
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12061315
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