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Alternative splicing of flowering time gene FT is associated with halving of time to flowering in coconut

Coconut palm has two distinct types—“tall” and “dwarf”—which differ morphologically. Tall coconut varieties need 8–10 years to start flowering, while dwarf coconut varieties only require 3–5 years. We compared seedling and reproductive stage transcriptomes for both coconut types to determine potenti...

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Autores principales: Xia, Wei, Liu, Rui, Zhang, Jun, Mason, Annaliese S., Li, Zhiying, Gong, Shufang, Zhong, Yazhu, Dou, Yajing, Sun, Xiwei, Fan, Haikuo, Xiao, Yong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7363896/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32669611
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-68431-2
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author Xia, Wei
Liu, Rui
Zhang, Jun
Mason, Annaliese S.
Li, Zhiying
Gong, Shufang
Zhong, Yazhu
Dou, Yajing
Sun, Xiwei
Fan, Haikuo
Xiao, Yong
author_facet Xia, Wei
Liu, Rui
Zhang, Jun
Mason, Annaliese S.
Li, Zhiying
Gong, Shufang
Zhong, Yazhu
Dou, Yajing
Sun, Xiwei
Fan, Haikuo
Xiao, Yong
author_sort Xia, Wei
collection PubMed
description Coconut palm has two distinct types—“tall” and “dwarf”—which differ morphologically. Tall coconut varieties need 8–10 years to start flowering, while dwarf coconut varieties only require 3–5 years. We compared seedling and reproductive stage transcriptomes for both coconut types to determine potential molecular mechanisms underlying control of flowering time in coconut. Several key genes in the photoperiod pathway were differentially expressed between seedling and reproductive leaf samples in both tall and dwarf coconut. These genes included suppressor of overexpression of constans (SOC1), flowering locus T (FT), and Apetala 1 (AP1). Alternative splicing analysis of genes in the photoperiod pathway further revealed that the FT gene produces different transcripts in tall compared to dwarf coconut. The shorter alternative splice variant of FT [which included a 6 bp deletion, alternative 3′ splicing sites (A3SS)] was found to be exclusively present in dwarf coconut varieties but absent in most tall coconut varieties. Our results provide a valuable information resource as well as suggesting a probable mechanism for differentiation of flowering time onset in coconut, providing a target for future breeding work in accelerating time to flowering in this crop species.
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spelling pubmed-73638962020-07-17 Alternative splicing of flowering time gene FT is associated with halving of time to flowering in coconut Xia, Wei Liu, Rui Zhang, Jun Mason, Annaliese S. Li, Zhiying Gong, Shufang Zhong, Yazhu Dou, Yajing Sun, Xiwei Fan, Haikuo Xiao, Yong Sci Rep Article Coconut palm has two distinct types—“tall” and “dwarf”—which differ morphologically. Tall coconut varieties need 8–10 years to start flowering, while dwarf coconut varieties only require 3–5 years. We compared seedling and reproductive stage transcriptomes for both coconut types to determine potential molecular mechanisms underlying control of flowering time in coconut. Several key genes in the photoperiod pathway were differentially expressed between seedling and reproductive leaf samples in both tall and dwarf coconut. These genes included suppressor of overexpression of constans (SOC1), flowering locus T (FT), and Apetala 1 (AP1). Alternative splicing analysis of genes in the photoperiod pathway further revealed that the FT gene produces different transcripts in tall compared to dwarf coconut. The shorter alternative splice variant of FT [which included a 6 bp deletion, alternative 3′ splicing sites (A3SS)] was found to be exclusively present in dwarf coconut varieties but absent in most tall coconut varieties. Our results provide a valuable information resource as well as suggesting a probable mechanism for differentiation of flowering time onset in coconut, providing a target for future breeding work in accelerating time to flowering in this crop species. Nature Publishing Group UK 2020-07-15 /pmc/articles/PMC7363896/ /pubmed/32669611 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-68431-2 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Xia, Wei
Liu, Rui
Zhang, Jun
Mason, Annaliese S.
Li, Zhiying
Gong, Shufang
Zhong, Yazhu
Dou, Yajing
Sun, Xiwei
Fan, Haikuo
Xiao, Yong
Alternative splicing of flowering time gene FT is associated with halving of time to flowering in coconut
title Alternative splicing of flowering time gene FT is associated with halving of time to flowering in coconut
title_full Alternative splicing of flowering time gene FT is associated with halving of time to flowering in coconut
title_fullStr Alternative splicing of flowering time gene FT is associated with halving of time to flowering in coconut
title_full_unstemmed Alternative splicing of flowering time gene FT is associated with halving of time to flowering in coconut
title_short Alternative splicing of flowering time gene FT is associated with halving of time to flowering in coconut
title_sort alternative splicing of flowering time gene ft is associated with halving of time to flowering in coconut
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7363896/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32669611
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-68431-2
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