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VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL (VITAL): Effects of Vitamin D Supplements on Risk of Falls in the US Population

CONTEXT: It is unclear whether vitamin D supplementation reduces risk of falls, and results from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are conflicting. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this work is to determine whether 2000 IU/day of supplemental vitamin D(3) decreases fall risk. DESIGN: VITamin D and Omeg...

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Autores principales: LeBoff, Meryl S, Murata, Elle M, Cook, Nancy R, Cawthon, Peggy, Chou, Sharon H, Kotler, Gregory, Bubes, Vadim, Buring, Julie E, Manson, JoAnn E
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7365686/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32492153
http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgaa311
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author LeBoff, Meryl S
Murata, Elle M
Cook, Nancy R
Cawthon, Peggy
Chou, Sharon H
Kotler, Gregory
Bubes, Vadim
Buring, Julie E
Manson, JoAnn E
author_facet LeBoff, Meryl S
Murata, Elle M
Cook, Nancy R
Cawthon, Peggy
Chou, Sharon H
Kotler, Gregory
Bubes, Vadim
Buring, Julie E
Manson, JoAnn E
author_sort LeBoff, Meryl S
collection PubMed
description CONTEXT: It is unclear whether vitamin D supplementation reduces risk of falls, and results from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are conflicting. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this work is to determine whether 2000 IU/day of supplemental vitamin D(3) decreases fall risk. DESIGN: VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL (VITAL) is a double-blind, placebo-controlled RCT including 25 871 adults, randomly assigned November 2011 to March 2014 and treated for 5.3 years (median). SETTING: This is a nationwide study. PARTICIPANTS: Men 50 years or older and women 55 years or older (mean age, 67.1 years) without cancer or cardiovascular disease at baseline participated in this study. INTERVENTIONS: Interventions included vitamin D(3) (cholecalciferol; 2000 IU/day) and/or omega-3 fatty acids (1 g/day) or respective placebos in a 2 × 2 factorial design. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Main outcome measures include 2 or more falls and falls resulting in a doctor or hospital visit. RESULTS: Baseline serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) level was 77 nmol/L; characteristics were well-balanced between groups. Numbers of participants with 2 or more falls were similar between active and placebo groups (9.8% vs 9.4%). Over 5 years, there were no differences in the proportion having 2 or more falls (odds ratio [OR] = 0.97; 95% CI, 0.90-1.05, P = .50), falls resulting in a doctor visit (OR = 1.03; 95% CI, 0.94-1.13, P = .46), or resulting in a hospital visit (OR = 1.04; 95% CI, 0.90-1.19, P = .61) between groups. Results did not differ between those with baseline 25(OH)D less than 50 vs 50 nmol/L or greater or other cut points. CONCLUSION: Daily supplemental vitamin D(3) vs placebo did not decrease fall risk in generally healthy adults not selected for vitamin D insufficiency. This large RCT does not indicate that supplemental vitamin D should be used for primary prevention of falls in the US population.
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spelling pubmed-73656862020-07-21 VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL (VITAL): Effects of Vitamin D Supplements on Risk of Falls in the US Population LeBoff, Meryl S Murata, Elle M Cook, Nancy R Cawthon, Peggy Chou, Sharon H Kotler, Gregory Bubes, Vadim Buring, Julie E Manson, JoAnn E J Clin Endocrinol Metab Clinical Research Articles CONTEXT: It is unclear whether vitamin D supplementation reduces risk of falls, and results from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are conflicting. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this work is to determine whether 2000 IU/day of supplemental vitamin D(3) decreases fall risk. DESIGN: VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL (VITAL) is a double-blind, placebo-controlled RCT including 25 871 adults, randomly assigned November 2011 to March 2014 and treated for 5.3 years (median). SETTING: This is a nationwide study. PARTICIPANTS: Men 50 years or older and women 55 years or older (mean age, 67.1 years) without cancer or cardiovascular disease at baseline participated in this study. INTERVENTIONS: Interventions included vitamin D(3) (cholecalciferol; 2000 IU/day) and/or omega-3 fatty acids (1 g/day) or respective placebos in a 2 × 2 factorial design. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Main outcome measures include 2 or more falls and falls resulting in a doctor or hospital visit. RESULTS: Baseline serum total 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) level was 77 nmol/L; characteristics were well-balanced between groups. Numbers of participants with 2 or more falls were similar between active and placebo groups (9.8% vs 9.4%). Over 5 years, there were no differences in the proportion having 2 or more falls (odds ratio [OR] = 0.97; 95% CI, 0.90-1.05, P = .50), falls resulting in a doctor visit (OR = 1.03; 95% CI, 0.94-1.13, P = .46), or resulting in a hospital visit (OR = 1.04; 95% CI, 0.90-1.19, P = .61) between groups. Results did not differ between those with baseline 25(OH)D less than 50 vs 50 nmol/L or greater or other cut points. CONCLUSION: Daily supplemental vitamin D(3) vs placebo did not decrease fall risk in generally healthy adults not selected for vitamin D insufficiency. This large RCT does not indicate that supplemental vitamin D should be used for primary prevention of falls in the US population. Oxford University Press 2020-06-03 /pmc/articles/PMC7365686/ /pubmed/32492153 http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgaa311 Text en © Endocrine Society 2020. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Clinical Research Articles
LeBoff, Meryl S
Murata, Elle M
Cook, Nancy R
Cawthon, Peggy
Chou, Sharon H
Kotler, Gregory
Bubes, Vadim
Buring, Julie E
Manson, JoAnn E
VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL (VITAL): Effects of Vitamin D Supplements on Risk of Falls in the US Population
title VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL (VITAL): Effects of Vitamin D Supplements on Risk of Falls in the US Population
title_full VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL (VITAL): Effects of Vitamin D Supplements on Risk of Falls in the US Population
title_fullStr VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL (VITAL): Effects of Vitamin D Supplements on Risk of Falls in the US Population
title_full_unstemmed VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL (VITAL): Effects of Vitamin D Supplements on Risk of Falls in the US Population
title_short VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL (VITAL): Effects of Vitamin D Supplements on Risk of Falls in the US Population
title_sort vitamin d and omega-3 trial (vital): effects of vitamin d supplements on risk of falls in the us population
topic Clinical Research Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7365686/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32492153
http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgaa311
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