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nCOVID-19 Pandemic: From Molecular Pathogenesis to Potential Investigational Therapeutics

In December 2019, a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-related epidemic was first observed in Wuhan, China. In 2020, owing to the highly infectious and deadly nature of the virus, this widespread novel coronavirus disease 2019 (nCOVID-19) became a worldwide pandemic. Studie...

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Autores principales: Kabir, Md. Tanvir, Uddin, Md. Sahab, Hossain, Md. Farhad, Abdulhakim, Jawaher A., Alam, Md. Asraful, Ashraf, Ghulam Md, Bungau, Simona G., Bin-Jumah, May N., Abdel-Daim, Mohamed M., Aleya, Lotfi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7365855/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32754599
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.00616
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author Kabir, Md. Tanvir
Uddin, Md. Sahab
Hossain, Md. Farhad
Abdulhakim, Jawaher A.
Alam, Md. Asraful
Ashraf, Ghulam Md
Bungau, Simona G.
Bin-Jumah, May N.
Abdel-Daim, Mohamed M.
Aleya, Lotfi
author_facet Kabir, Md. Tanvir
Uddin, Md. Sahab
Hossain, Md. Farhad
Abdulhakim, Jawaher A.
Alam, Md. Asraful
Ashraf, Ghulam Md
Bungau, Simona G.
Bin-Jumah, May N.
Abdel-Daim, Mohamed M.
Aleya, Lotfi
author_sort Kabir, Md. Tanvir
collection PubMed
description In December 2019, a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-related epidemic was first observed in Wuhan, China. In 2020, owing to the highly infectious and deadly nature of the virus, this widespread novel coronavirus disease 2019 (nCOVID-19) became a worldwide pandemic. Studies have revealed that various environmental factors including temperature, humidity, and air pollution may also affect the transmission pattern of COVID-19. Unfortunately, still, there is no specific drug that has been validated in large-scale studies to treat patients with confirmed nCOVID-19. However, remdesivir, an inhibitor of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), has appeared as an auspicious antiviral drug. Currently, a large-scale study on remdesivir (i.e., 200 mg on first day, then 100 mg once/day) is ongoing to evaluate its clinical efficacy to treat nCOVID-19. Good antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 was not observed with the use of lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r). Nonetheless, the combination of umifenovir and LPV/r was found to have better antiviral activity. Furthermore, a combination of hydroxychloroquine (i.e., 200 mg 3 times/day) and azithromycin (i.e., 500 mg on first day, then 250 mg/day from day 2–5) also exhibited good activity. Currently, there are also ongoing studies to evaluate the efficacy of teicoplanin and monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. Thus, in this article, we have analyzed the genetic diversity and molecular pathogenesis of nCOVID-19. We also present possible therapeutic options for nCOVID-19 patients.
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spelling pubmed-73658552020-08-03 nCOVID-19 Pandemic: From Molecular Pathogenesis to Potential Investigational Therapeutics Kabir, Md. Tanvir Uddin, Md. Sahab Hossain, Md. Farhad Abdulhakim, Jawaher A. Alam, Md. Asraful Ashraf, Ghulam Md Bungau, Simona G. Bin-Jumah, May N. Abdel-Daim, Mohamed M. Aleya, Lotfi Front Cell Dev Biol Cell and Developmental Biology In December 2019, a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-related epidemic was first observed in Wuhan, China. In 2020, owing to the highly infectious and deadly nature of the virus, this widespread novel coronavirus disease 2019 (nCOVID-19) became a worldwide pandemic. Studies have revealed that various environmental factors including temperature, humidity, and air pollution may also affect the transmission pattern of COVID-19. Unfortunately, still, there is no specific drug that has been validated in large-scale studies to treat patients with confirmed nCOVID-19. However, remdesivir, an inhibitor of RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp), has appeared as an auspicious antiviral drug. Currently, a large-scale study on remdesivir (i.e., 200 mg on first day, then 100 mg once/day) is ongoing to evaluate its clinical efficacy to treat nCOVID-19. Good antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 was not observed with the use of lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r). Nonetheless, the combination of umifenovir and LPV/r was found to have better antiviral activity. Furthermore, a combination of hydroxychloroquine (i.e., 200 mg 3 times/day) and azithromycin (i.e., 500 mg on first day, then 250 mg/day from day 2–5) also exhibited good activity. Currently, there are also ongoing studies to evaluate the efficacy of teicoplanin and monoclonal and polyclonal antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. Thus, in this article, we have analyzed the genetic diversity and molecular pathogenesis of nCOVID-19. We also present possible therapeutic options for nCOVID-19 patients. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-07-10 /pmc/articles/PMC7365855/ /pubmed/32754599 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.00616 Text en Copyright © 2020 Kabir, Uddin, Hossain, Abdulhakim, Alam, Ashraf, Bungau, Bin-Jumah, Abdel-Daim and Aleya. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Cell and Developmental Biology
Kabir, Md. Tanvir
Uddin, Md. Sahab
Hossain, Md. Farhad
Abdulhakim, Jawaher A.
Alam, Md. Asraful
Ashraf, Ghulam Md
Bungau, Simona G.
Bin-Jumah, May N.
Abdel-Daim, Mohamed M.
Aleya, Lotfi
nCOVID-19 Pandemic: From Molecular Pathogenesis to Potential Investigational Therapeutics
title nCOVID-19 Pandemic: From Molecular Pathogenesis to Potential Investigational Therapeutics
title_full nCOVID-19 Pandemic: From Molecular Pathogenesis to Potential Investigational Therapeutics
title_fullStr nCOVID-19 Pandemic: From Molecular Pathogenesis to Potential Investigational Therapeutics
title_full_unstemmed nCOVID-19 Pandemic: From Molecular Pathogenesis to Potential Investigational Therapeutics
title_short nCOVID-19 Pandemic: From Molecular Pathogenesis to Potential Investigational Therapeutics
title_sort ncovid-19 pandemic: from molecular pathogenesis to potential investigational therapeutics
topic Cell and Developmental Biology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7365855/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32754599
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fcell.2020.00616
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