Cargando…

Title: Genetic Markers in Lung Cancer Diagnosis: A Review

Lung cancer is the most often diagnosed cancer in the world and the most frequent cause of cancer death. The prognosis for lung cancer is relatively poor and 75% of patients are diagnosed at its advanced stage. The currently used diagnostic tools are not sensitive enough and do not enable diagnosis...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Wadowska, Katarzyna, Bil-Lula, Iwona, Trembecki, Łukasz, Śliwińska-Mossoń, Mariola
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7369725/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32604993
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21134569
_version_ 1783560834310471680
author Wadowska, Katarzyna
Bil-Lula, Iwona
Trembecki, Łukasz
Śliwińska-Mossoń, Mariola
author_facet Wadowska, Katarzyna
Bil-Lula, Iwona
Trembecki, Łukasz
Śliwińska-Mossoń, Mariola
author_sort Wadowska, Katarzyna
collection PubMed
description Lung cancer is the most often diagnosed cancer in the world and the most frequent cause of cancer death. The prognosis for lung cancer is relatively poor and 75% of patients are diagnosed at its advanced stage. The currently used diagnostic tools are not sensitive enough and do not enable diagnosis at the early stage of the disease. Therefore, searching for new methods of early and accurate diagnosis of lung cancer is crucial for its effective treatment. Lung cancer is the result of multistage carcinogenesis with gradually increasing genetic and epigenetic changes. Screening for the characteristic genetic markers could enable the diagnosis of lung cancer at its early stage. The aim of this review was the summarization of both the preclinical and clinical approaches in the genetic diagnostics of lung cancer. The advancement of molecular strategies and analytic platforms makes it possible to analyze the genome changes leading to cancer development—i.e., the potential biomarkers of lung cancer. In the reviewed studies, the diagnostic values of microsatellite changes, DNA hypermethylation, and p53 and KRAS gene mutations, as well as microRNAs expression, have been analyzed as potential genetic markers. It seems that microRNAs and their expression profiles have the greatest diagnostic potential value in lung cancer diagnosis, but their quantification requires standardization.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7369725
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2020
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-73697252020-07-21 Title: Genetic Markers in Lung Cancer Diagnosis: A Review Wadowska, Katarzyna Bil-Lula, Iwona Trembecki, Łukasz Śliwińska-Mossoń, Mariola Int J Mol Sci Review Lung cancer is the most often diagnosed cancer in the world and the most frequent cause of cancer death. The prognosis for lung cancer is relatively poor and 75% of patients are diagnosed at its advanced stage. The currently used diagnostic tools are not sensitive enough and do not enable diagnosis at the early stage of the disease. Therefore, searching for new methods of early and accurate diagnosis of lung cancer is crucial for its effective treatment. Lung cancer is the result of multistage carcinogenesis with gradually increasing genetic and epigenetic changes. Screening for the characteristic genetic markers could enable the diagnosis of lung cancer at its early stage. The aim of this review was the summarization of both the preclinical and clinical approaches in the genetic diagnostics of lung cancer. The advancement of molecular strategies and analytic platforms makes it possible to analyze the genome changes leading to cancer development—i.e., the potential biomarkers of lung cancer. In the reviewed studies, the diagnostic values of microsatellite changes, DNA hypermethylation, and p53 and KRAS gene mutations, as well as microRNAs expression, have been analyzed as potential genetic markers. It seems that microRNAs and their expression profiles have the greatest diagnostic potential value in lung cancer diagnosis, but their quantification requires standardization. MDPI 2020-06-27 /pmc/articles/PMC7369725/ /pubmed/32604993 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21134569 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Wadowska, Katarzyna
Bil-Lula, Iwona
Trembecki, Łukasz
Śliwińska-Mossoń, Mariola
Title: Genetic Markers in Lung Cancer Diagnosis: A Review
title Title: Genetic Markers in Lung Cancer Diagnosis: A Review
title_full Title: Genetic Markers in Lung Cancer Diagnosis: A Review
title_fullStr Title: Genetic Markers in Lung Cancer Diagnosis: A Review
title_full_unstemmed Title: Genetic Markers in Lung Cancer Diagnosis: A Review
title_short Title: Genetic Markers in Lung Cancer Diagnosis: A Review
title_sort title: genetic markers in lung cancer diagnosis: a review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7369725/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32604993
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21134569
work_keys_str_mv AT wadowskakatarzyna titlegeneticmarkersinlungcancerdiagnosisareview
AT billulaiwona titlegeneticmarkersinlungcancerdiagnosisareview
AT trembeckiłukasz titlegeneticmarkersinlungcancerdiagnosisareview
AT sliwinskamossonmariola titlegeneticmarkersinlungcancerdiagnosisareview