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Energy System Contributions and Physical Activity in Specific Age Groups during Exergames

Exergames have been recommended as alternative ways to increase the health benefits of physical exercise. However, energy system contributions (phosphagen, glycolytic, and oxidative) of exergames in specific age groups remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the contributions of...

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Autores principales: Park, Seung-Bo, Kim, Minjun, Lee, Eunseok, Lee, Doowon, Son, Seong Jun, Hong, Junggi, Yang, Woo-Hwi
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7369793/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32646023
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134905
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author Park, Seung-Bo
Kim, Minjun
Lee, Eunseok
Lee, Doowon
Son, Seong Jun
Hong, Junggi
Yang, Woo-Hwi
author_facet Park, Seung-Bo
Kim, Minjun
Lee, Eunseok
Lee, Doowon
Son, Seong Jun
Hong, Junggi
Yang, Woo-Hwi
author_sort Park, Seung-Bo
collection PubMed
description Exergames have been recommended as alternative ways to increase the health benefits of physical exercise. However, energy system contributions (phosphagen, glycolytic, and oxidative) of exergames in specific age groups remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the contributions of three energy systems and metabolic profiles in specific age groups during exergames. Seventy-four healthy males and females participated in this study (older adults, n = 26: Age of 75.4 ± 4.4 years, body mass of 59.4 ± 8.7 kg, height of 157.2 ± 8.6 cm; adults, n = 24: Age of 27.8 ± 3.3 years, body mass of 73.4 ± 17.8 kg, height of 170.9 ± 11.9 cm; and adolescents, n = 24: Age of 14 ± 0.8 years, body mass of 71.3 ± 11.5 kg, height of 173.3 ± 5.2 cm). To evaluate the demands of different energy systems, all participants engaged in exergames named Action-Racing. Exergames protocol comprised whole-body exercises such as standing, sitting, stopping, jumping, and arm swinging. During exergames, mean heart rate (HR(mean)), peak heart rate (HR(peak)), mean oxygen uptake (VO(2mean)), peak oxygen uptake (VO(2peak)), peak lactate (Peak La(−)), difference in lactate (ΔLa(−)), phosphagen (W(PCr)), glycolytic (W(La)(−)), oxidative (W(AER)), and total energy demands (W(Total)) were analyzed. The contribution of the oxidative energy system was higher than that of the phosphagen or glycolytic energy system (65.9 ± 12% vs. 29.5 ± 11.1% or 4.6 ± 3.3%, both p < 0.001). The contributions of the total energy demands and oxidative system in older adults were significantly lower than those in adults and adolescents (72.1 ± 28 kJ, p = 0.028; 70.3 ± 24.1 kJ, p = 0.024, respectively). The oxidative energy system was predominantly used for exergames applied in the current study. In addition, total metabolic work in older adults was lower than that in adolescents and adults. This was due to a decrease in the oxidative energy system. For future studies, quantification of intensity and volume is needed to optimize exergames. Such an approach plays a crucial role in encouraging physical activity in limited spaces.
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spelling pubmed-73697932020-07-21 Energy System Contributions and Physical Activity in Specific Age Groups during Exergames Park, Seung-Bo Kim, Minjun Lee, Eunseok Lee, Doowon Son, Seong Jun Hong, Junggi Yang, Woo-Hwi Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Exergames have been recommended as alternative ways to increase the health benefits of physical exercise. However, energy system contributions (phosphagen, glycolytic, and oxidative) of exergames in specific age groups remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the contributions of three energy systems and metabolic profiles in specific age groups during exergames. Seventy-four healthy males and females participated in this study (older adults, n = 26: Age of 75.4 ± 4.4 years, body mass of 59.4 ± 8.7 kg, height of 157.2 ± 8.6 cm; adults, n = 24: Age of 27.8 ± 3.3 years, body mass of 73.4 ± 17.8 kg, height of 170.9 ± 11.9 cm; and adolescents, n = 24: Age of 14 ± 0.8 years, body mass of 71.3 ± 11.5 kg, height of 173.3 ± 5.2 cm). To evaluate the demands of different energy systems, all participants engaged in exergames named Action-Racing. Exergames protocol comprised whole-body exercises such as standing, sitting, stopping, jumping, and arm swinging. During exergames, mean heart rate (HR(mean)), peak heart rate (HR(peak)), mean oxygen uptake (VO(2mean)), peak oxygen uptake (VO(2peak)), peak lactate (Peak La(−)), difference in lactate (ΔLa(−)), phosphagen (W(PCr)), glycolytic (W(La)(−)), oxidative (W(AER)), and total energy demands (W(Total)) were analyzed. The contribution of the oxidative energy system was higher than that of the phosphagen or glycolytic energy system (65.9 ± 12% vs. 29.5 ± 11.1% or 4.6 ± 3.3%, both p < 0.001). The contributions of the total energy demands and oxidative system in older adults were significantly lower than those in adults and adolescents (72.1 ± 28 kJ, p = 0.028; 70.3 ± 24.1 kJ, p = 0.024, respectively). The oxidative energy system was predominantly used for exergames applied in the current study. In addition, total metabolic work in older adults was lower than that in adolescents and adults. This was due to a decrease in the oxidative energy system. For future studies, quantification of intensity and volume is needed to optimize exergames. Such an approach plays a crucial role in encouraging physical activity in limited spaces. MDPI 2020-07-07 2020-07 /pmc/articles/PMC7369793/ /pubmed/32646023 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134905 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Park, Seung-Bo
Kim, Minjun
Lee, Eunseok
Lee, Doowon
Son, Seong Jun
Hong, Junggi
Yang, Woo-Hwi
Energy System Contributions and Physical Activity in Specific Age Groups during Exergames
title Energy System Contributions and Physical Activity in Specific Age Groups during Exergames
title_full Energy System Contributions and Physical Activity in Specific Age Groups during Exergames
title_fullStr Energy System Contributions and Physical Activity in Specific Age Groups during Exergames
title_full_unstemmed Energy System Contributions and Physical Activity in Specific Age Groups during Exergames
title_short Energy System Contributions and Physical Activity in Specific Age Groups during Exergames
title_sort energy system contributions and physical activity in specific age groups during exergames
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7369793/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32646023
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17134905
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