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Go with the Flow—Trophoblasts in Flow Culture

With establishment of uteroplacental blood flow, the perfused fetal chorionic tissue has to deal with fluid shear stress that is produced by hemodynamic forces across different trophoblast subtypes. Amongst many other cell types, trophoblasts are able to sense fluid shear stress through mechanotrans...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Brugger, Beatrice A., Guettler, Jacqueline, Gauster, Martin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7369846/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32630006
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21134666
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author Brugger, Beatrice A.
Guettler, Jacqueline
Gauster, Martin
author_facet Brugger, Beatrice A.
Guettler, Jacqueline
Gauster, Martin
author_sort Brugger, Beatrice A.
collection PubMed
description With establishment of uteroplacental blood flow, the perfused fetal chorionic tissue has to deal with fluid shear stress that is produced by hemodynamic forces across different trophoblast subtypes. Amongst many other cell types, trophoblasts are able to sense fluid shear stress through mechanotransduction. Failure in the adaption of trophoblasts to fluid shear stress is suggested to contribute to pregnancy disorders. Thus, in the past twenty years, a significant body of work has been devoted to human- and animal-derived trophoblast culture under microfluidic conditions, using a rather broad range of different fluid shear stress values as well as various different flow systems, ranging from commercially 2D to customized 3D flow culture systems. The great variations in the experimental setup reflect the general heterogeneity in blood flow through different segments of the uteroplacental circulation. While fluid shear stress is moderate in invaded uterine spiral arteries, it drastically declines after entrance of the maternal blood into the wide cavity of the intervillous space. Here, we provide an overview of the increasing body of evidence that substantiates an important influence of maternal blood flow on several aspects of trophoblast physiology, including cellular turnover and differentiation, trophoblast metabolism, as well as endocrine activity, and motility. Future trends in trophoblast flow culture will incorporate the physiological low oxygen conditions in human placental tissue and pulsatile blood flow in the experimental setup. Investigation of trophoblast mechanotransduction and development of mechanosome modulators will be another intriguing future direction.
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spelling pubmed-73698462020-07-21 Go with the Flow—Trophoblasts in Flow Culture Brugger, Beatrice A. Guettler, Jacqueline Gauster, Martin Int J Mol Sci Review With establishment of uteroplacental blood flow, the perfused fetal chorionic tissue has to deal with fluid shear stress that is produced by hemodynamic forces across different trophoblast subtypes. Amongst many other cell types, trophoblasts are able to sense fluid shear stress through mechanotransduction. Failure in the adaption of trophoblasts to fluid shear stress is suggested to contribute to pregnancy disorders. Thus, in the past twenty years, a significant body of work has been devoted to human- and animal-derived trophoblast culture under microfluidic conditions, using a rather broad range of different fluid shear stress values as well as various different flow systems, ranging from commercially 2D to customized 3D flow culture systems. The great variations in the experimental setup reflect the general heterogeneity in blood flow through different segments of the uteroplacental circulation. While fluid shear stress is moderate in invaded uterine spiral arteries, it drastically declines after entrance of the maternal blood into the wide cavity of the intervillous space. Here, we provide an overview of the increasing body of evidence that substantiates an important influence of maternal blood flow on several aspects of trophoblast physiology, including cellular turnover and differentiation, trophoblast metabolism, as well as endocrine activity, and motility. Future trends in trophoblast flow culture will incorporate the physiological low oxygen conditions in human placental tissue and pulsatile blood flow in the experimental setup. Investigation of trophoblast mechanotransduction and development of mechanosome modulators will be another intriguing future direction. MDPI 2020-06-30 /pmc/articles/PMC7369846/ /pubmed/32630006 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21134666 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Brugger, Beatrice A.
Guettler, Jacqueline
Gauster, Martin
Go with the Flow—Trophoblasts in Flow Culture
title Go with the Flow—Trophoblasts in Flow Culture
title_full Go with the Flow—Trophoblasts in Flow Culture
title_fullStr Go with the Flow—Trophoblasts in Flow Culture
title_full_unstemmed Go with the Flow—Trophoblasts in Flow Culture
title_short Go with the Flow—Trophoblasts in Flow Culture
title_sort go with the flow—trophoblasts in flow culture
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7369846/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32630006
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21134666
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