Depression and Anxiety in patients undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention for Acute Coronary Syndrome

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Depression and anxiety are very common in patients with cardiac diseases. Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has not only decreased mortality but angina, heart failure and recurrent hospitalization all are improved. Therefore, anxiety and depression associated with fibrinolytic therapy in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) are expected to be decreased in the patient undergoing PCI. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention for acute coronary syndrome. METHODS: This study was conducted at Larkana Satellite Center of National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD), Pakistan from August 2018 to December 2018. Patients who underwent cardiac intervention within one month were enrolled in this study. Patients were interviewed regarding their basic demographics, indication for intervention and procedure details. Symptoms of anxiety were assessed using the translation of inventory of SAS (Zung’s Self-Rating Anxiety Scale). Patients were interviewed for depression by using Becks depression inventory (BDI). RESULTS: A total of 153 patients were included in this study out of which 118 (77.1%) were males and 35 (22.5%) were females. All were married except one. Diabetes mellitus (DM) was present in 61 (39.9%), hypertension (HTN) in 69 (45.15%), obesity in 15 (9.8%), and 40 (26.1%) were smokers. Depression was present in 16 (10.5%) patients and anxiety was present in 12 (7.5%) of patients. On analysis of the association of various factor with depression; non-diabetics, housewives, laborers and uneducated were found to be more depressed. While those who smoke or earn more than 50 thousand were found less likely to be depressed. CONCLUSION: Both depression and anxiety were present in only 10.5% and 7.5% of the patients after percutaneous coronary intervention for acute coronary syndrome.