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The role of the Acanthamoeba castellanii Sir2-like protein in the growth and encystation of Acanthamoeba
BACKGROUND: The encystation of Acanthamoeba leads to the development of resilient cysts from vegetative trophozoites. This process is essential for the survival of parasites under unfavorable conditions. Previous studies have reported that, during the encystation of A. castellanii, the expression le...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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BioMed Central
2020
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7376869/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32698828 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-020-04237-5 |
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author | Joo, So-Young Aung, Ja Moon Shin, Minsang Moon, Eun-Kyung Kong, Hyun-Hee Goo, Youn-Kyoung Chung, Dong-Il Hong, Yeonchul |
author_facet | Joo, So-Young Aung, Ja Moon Shin, Minsang Moon, Eun-Kyung Kong, Hyun-Hee Goo, Youn-Kyoung Chung, Dong-Il Hong, Yeonchul |
author_sort | Joo, So-Young |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The encystation of Acanthamoeba leads to the development of resilient cysts from vegetative trophozoites. This process is essential for the survival of parasites under unfavorable conditions. Previous studies have reported that, during the encystation of A. castellanii, the expression levels of encystation-related factors are upregulated. However, the regulatory mechanisms for their expression during the encystation process remains unknown. Proteins in the sirtuin family, which consists of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent deacetylases, are known to play an important role in various cellular functions. In the present study, we identified the Acanthamoeba silent-information regulator 2-like protein (AcSir2) and examined its role in the growth and encystation of Acanthamoeba. METHODS: We obtained the full-length sequence for AcSir2 using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. In Acanthamoeba transfectants that constitutively overexpress AcSir2 protein, SIRT deacetylase activity was measured, and the intracellular localization of AcSir2 and the effects on the growth and encystation of trophozoites were examined. In addition, the sirtuin inhibitor salermide was used to determine whether these effects were caused by AcSir2 overexpression RESULTS: AcSir2 was classified as a class-IV sirtuin. AcSir2 exhibited functional SIRT deacetylase activity, localized mainly in the nucleus, and its transcription was upregulated during encystation. In trophozoites, AcSir2 overexpression led to greater cell growth, and this growth was inhibited by treatment with salermide, a sirtuin inhibitor. When AcSir2 was overexpressed in the cysts, the encystation rate was significantly higher; this was also reversed with salermide treatment. In AcSir2-overexpressing encysting cells, the transcription of cellulose synthase was highly upregulated compared with that of control cells, and this upregulation was abolished with salermide treatment. Transmission electron microscope-based ultrastructural analysis of salermide-treated encysting cells showed that the structure of the exocyst wall and intercyst space was impaired and that the endocyst wall had not formed. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that AcSir2 is a SIRT deacetylase that plays an essential role as a regulator of a variety of cellular processes and that the regulation of AcSir2 expression is important for the growth and encystation of A. castellanii. [Image: see text] |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7376869 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-73768692020-07-23 The role of the Acanthamoeba castellanii Sir2-like protein in the growth and encystation of Acanthamoeba Joo, So-Young Aung, Ja Moon Shin, Minsang Moon, Eun-Kyung Kong, Hyun-Hee Goo, Youn-Kyoung Chung, Dong-Il Hong, Yeonchul Parasit Vectors Research BACKGROUND: The encystation of Acanthamoeba leads to the development of resilient cysts from vegetative trophozoites. This process is essential for the survival of parasites under unfavorable conditions. Previous studies have reported that, during the encystation of A. castellanii, the expression levels of encystation-related factors are upregulated. However, the regulatory mechanisms for their expression during the encystation process remains unknown. Proteins in the sirtuin family, which consists of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide-dependent deacetylases, are known to play an important role in various cellular functions. In the present study, we identified the Acanthamoeba silent-information regulator 2-like protein (AcSir2) and examined its role in the growth and encystation of Acanthamoeba. METHODS: We obtained the full-length sequence for AcSir2 using reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. In Acanthamoeba transfectants that constitutively overexpress AcSir2 protein, SIRT deacetylase activity was measured, and the intracellular localization of AcSir2 and the effects on the growth and encystation of trophozoites were examined. In addition, the sirtuin inhibitor salermide was used to determine whether these effects were caused by AcSir2 overexpression RESULTS: AcSir2 was classified as a class-IV sirtuin. AcSir2 exhibited functional SIRT deacetylase activity, localized mainly in the nucleus, and its transcription was upregulated during encystation. In trophozoites, AcSir2 overexpression led to greater cell growth, and this growth was inhibited by treatment with salermide, a sirtuin inhibitor. When AcSir2 was overexpressed in the cysts, the encystation rate was significantly higher; this was also reversed with salermide treatment. In AcSir2-overexpressing encysting cells, the transcription of cellulose synthase was highly upregulated compared with that of control cells, and this upregulation was abolished with salermide treatment. Transmission electron microscope-based ultrastructural analysis of salermide-treated encysting cells showed that the structure of the exocyst wall and intercyst space was impaired and that the endocyst wall had not formed. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that AcSir2 is a SIRT deacetylase that plays an essential role as a regulator of a variety of cellular processes and that the regulation of AcSir2 expression is important for the growth and encystation of A. castellanii. [Image: see text] BioMed Central 2020-07-22 /pmc/articles/PMC7376869/ /pubmed/32698828 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-020-04237-5 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Joo, So-Young Aung, Ja Moon Shin, Minsang Moon, Eun-Kyung Kong, Hyun-Hee Goo, Youn-Kyoung Chung, Dong-Il Hong, Yeonchul The role of the Acanthamoeba castellanii Sir2-like protein in the growth and encystation of Acanthamoeba |
title | The role of the Acanthamoeba castellanii Sir2-like protein in the growth and encystation of Acanthamoeba |
title_full | The role of the Acanthamoeba castellanii Sir2-like protein in the growth and encystation of Acanthamoeba |
title_fullStr | The role of the Acanthamoeba castellanii Sir2-like protein in the growth and encystation of Acanthamoeba |
title_full_unstemmed | The role of the Acanthamoeba castellanii Sir2-like protein in the growth and encystation of Acanthamoeba |
title_short | The role of the Acanthamoeba castellanii Sir2-like protein in the growth and encystation of Acanthamoeba |
title_sort | role of the acanthamoeba castellanii sir2-like protein in the growth and encystation of acanthamoeba |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7376869/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32698828 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-020-04237-5 |
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