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Mycovirus-Induced Tenuazonic Acid Production in a Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae

Fungi are a rich source of natural products with biological activities. In this study, we evaluated viral effects on secondary metabolism of the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae using an isolate of APU10-199A co-infected with three types of mycoviruses: a totivirus, a chrysovirus, and a partitiv...

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Autores principales: Ninomiya, Akihiro, Urayama, Syun-ichi, Suo, Rei, Itoi, Shiro, Fuji, Shin-ichi, Moriyama, Hiromitsu, Hagiwara, Daisuke
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7379127/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32765467
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01641
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author Ninomiya, Akihiro
Urayama, Syun-ichi
Suo, Rei
Itoi, Shiro
Fuji, Shin-ichi
Moriyama, Hiromitsu
Hagiwara, Daisuke
author_facet Ninomiya, Akihiro
Urayama, Syun-ichi
Suo, Rei
Itoi, Shiro
Fuji, Shin-ichi
Moriyama, Hiromitsu
Hagiwara, Daisuke
author_sort Ninomiya, Akihiro
collection PubMed
description Fungi are a rich source of natural products with biological activities. In this study, we evaluated viral effects on secondary metabolism of the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae using an isolate of APU10-199A co-infected with three types of mycoviruses: a totivirus, a chrysovirus, and a partitivirus. Comparison of the secondary metabolite profile of APU10-199A with that of the strain lacking the totivirus and chrysovirus showed that a mycotoxin tenuazonic (TeA) acid was produced in a manner dependent on the mycoviruses. Virus reinfection experiments verified that TeA production was dependent on the totivirus. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR and RNA-sequencing analysis indicated the regulatory mechanism underlying viral induction of TeA: the totivirus activates the TeA synthetase gene TAS1 by upregulating the transcription of the gene encoding a Zn(II)(2)-Cys(6)-type transcription factor, TAS2. To our knowledge, this is the first report that confirmed mycovirus-associated regulation of secondary metabolism at a transcriptional level by viral reinfection. Because only treatment with dimethyl sulfoxide has been reported to trigger TeA production in this fungus without gene manipulation, our finding highlights the potential of mycoviruses as an epigenomic regulator of fungal secondary metabolism.
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spelling pubmed-73791272020-08-05 Mycovirus-Induced Tenuazonic Acid Production in a Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae Ninomiya, Akihiro Urayama, Syun-ichi Suo, Rei Itoi, Shiro Fuji, Shin-ichi Moriyama, Hiromitsu Hagiwara, Daisuke Front Microbiol Microbiology Fungi are a rich source of natural products with biological activities. In this study, we evaluated viral effects on secondary metabolism of the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae using an isolate of APU10-199A co-infected with three types of mycoviruses: a totivirus, a chrysovirus, and a partitivirus. Comparison of the secondary metabolite profile of APU10-199A with that of the strain lacking the totivirus and chrysovirus showed that a mycotoxin tenuazonic (TeA) acid was produced in a manner dependent on the mycoviruses. Virus reinfection experiments verified that TeA production was dependent on the totivirus. Quantitative reverse transcription PCR and RNA-sequencing analysis indicated the regulatory mechanism underlying viral induction of TeA: the totivirus activates the TeA synthetase gene TAS1 by upregulating the transcription of the gene encoding a Zn(II)(2)-Cys(6)-type transcription factor, TAS2. To our knowledge, this is the first report that confirmed mycovirus-associated regulation of secondary metabolism at a transcriptional level by viral reinfection. Because only treatment with dimethyl sulfoxide has been reported to trigger TeA production in this fungus without gene manipulation, our finding highlights the potential of mycoviruses as an epigenomic regulator of fungal secondary metabolism. Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-07-17 /pmc/articles/PMC7379127/ /pubmed/32765467 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01641 Text en Copyright © 2020 Ninomiya, Urayama, Suo, Itoi, Fuji, Moriyama and Hagiwara. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Ninomiya, Akihiro
Urayama, Syun-ichi
Suo, Rei
Itoi, Shiro
Fuji, Shin-ichi
Moriyama, Hiromitsu
Hagiwara, Daisuke
Mycovirus-Induced Tenuazonic Acid Production in a Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae
title Mycovirus-Induced Tenuazonic Acid Production in a Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae
title_full Mycovirus-Induced Tenuazonic Acid Production in a Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae
title_fullStr Mycovirus-Induced Tenuazonic Acid Production in a Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae
title_full_unstemmed Mycovirus-Induced Tenuazonic Acid Production in a Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae
title_short Mycovirus-Induced Tenuazonic Acid Production in a Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae
title_sort mycovirus-induced tenuazonic acid production in a rice blast fungus magnaporthe oryzae
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7379127/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32765467
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2020.01641
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