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Methods and Evaluation Criteria for Apps and Digital Interventions for Diabetes Self-Management: Systematic Review

BACKGROUND: There is growing evidence that apps and digital interventions have a positive impact on diabetes self-management. Standard self-management for patients with diabetes could therefore be supplemented by apps and digital interventions to increase patients’ skills. Several initiatives, model...

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Autores principales: Larbi, Dillys, Randine, Pietro, Årsand, Eirik, Antypas, Konstantinos, Bradway, Meghan, Gabarron, Elia
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: JMIR Publications 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7381260/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32628125
http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/18480
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author Larbi, Dillys
Randine, Pietro
Årsand, Eirik
Antypas, Konstantinos
Bradway, Meghan
Gabarron, Elia
author_facet Larbi, Dillys
Randine, Pietro
Årsand, Eirik
Antypas, Konstantinos
Bradway, Meghan
Gabarron, Elia
author_sort Larbi, Dillys
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: There is growing evidence that apps and digital interventions have a positive impact on diabetes self-management. Standard self-management for patients with diabetes could therefore be supplemented by apps and digital interventions to increase patients’ skills. Several initiatives, models, and frameworks suggest how health apps and digital interventions could be evaluated, but there are few standards for this. And although there are many methods for evaluating apps and digital interventions, a more specific approach might be needed for assessing digital diabetes self-management interventions. OBJECTIVE: This review aims to identify which methods and criteria are used to evaluate apps and digital interventions for diabetes self-management, and to describe how patients were involved in these evaluations. METHODS: We searched CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Web of Science for articles published from 2015 that referred to the evaluation of apps and digital interventions for diabetes self-management and involved patients in the evaluation. We then conducted a narrative qualitative synthesis of the findings, structured around the included studies’ quality, methods of evaluation, and evaluation criteria. RESULTS: Of 1681 articles identified, 31 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. A total of 7 articles were considered of high confidence in the evidence. Apps were the most commonly used platform for diabetes self-management (18/31, 58%), and type 2 diabetes (T2D) was the targeted health condition most studies focused on (12/31, 38%). Questionnaires, interviews, and user-group meetings were the most common methods of evaluation. Furthermore, the most evaluated criteria for apps and digital diabetes self-management interventions were cognitive impact, clinical impact, and usability. Feasibility and security and privacy were not evaluated by studies considered of high confidence in the evidence. CONCLUSIONS: There were few studies with high confidence in the evidence that involved patients in the evaluation of apps and digital interventions for diabetes self-management. Additional evaluation criteria, such as sustainability and interoperability, should be focused on more in future studies to provide a better understanding of the effects and potential of apps and digital interventions for diabetes self-management.
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spelling pubmed-73812602020-08-07 Methods and Evaluation Criteria for Apps and Digital Interventions for Diabetes Self-Management: Systematic Review Larbi, Dillys Randine, Pietro Årsand, Eirik Antypas, Konstantinos Bradway, Meghan Gabarron, Elia J Med Internet Res Review BACKGROUND: There is growing evidence that apps and digital interventions have a positive impact on diabetes self-management. Standard self-management for patients with diabetes could therefore be supplemented by apps and digital interventions to increase patients’ skills. Several initiatives, models, and frameworks suggest how health apps and digital interventions could be evaluated, but there are few standards for this. And although there are many methods for evaluating apps and digital interventions, a more specific approach might be needed for assessing digital diabetes self-management interventions. OBJECTIVE: This review aims to identify which methods and criteria are used to evaluate apps and digital interventions for diabetes self-management, and to describe how patients were involved in these evaluations. METHODS: We searched CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Web of Science for articles published from 2015 that referred to the evaluation of apps and digital interventions for diabetes self-management and involved patients in the evaluation. We then conducted a narrative qualitative synthesis of the findings, structured around the included studies’ quality, methods of evaluation, and evaluation criteria. RESULTS: Of 1681 articles identified, 31 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. A total of 7 articles were considered of high confidence in the evidence. Apps were the most commonly used platform for diabetes self-management (18/31, 58%), and type 2 diabetes (T2D) was the targeted health condition most studies focused on (12/31, 38%). Questionnaires, interviews, and user-group meetings were the most common methods of evaluation. Furthermore, the most evaluated criteria for apps and digital diabetes self-management interventions were cognitive impact, clinical impact, and usability. Feasibility and security and privacy were not evaluated by studies considered of high confidence in the evidence. CONCLUSIONS: There were few studies with high confidence in the evidence that involved patients in the evaluation of apps and digital interventions for diabetes self-management. Additional evaluation criteria, such as sustainability and interoperability, should be focused on more in future studies to provide a better understanding of the effects and potential of apps and digital interventions for diabetes self-management. JMIR Publications 2020-07-06 /pmc/articles/PMC7381260/ /pubmed/32628125 http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/18480 Text en ©Dillys Larbi, Pietro Randine, Eirik Årsand, Konstantinos Antypas, Meghan Bradway, Elia Gabarron. Originally published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research (http://www.jmir.org), 06.07.2020. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work, first published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research, is properly cited. The complete bibliographic information, a link to the original publication on http://www.jmir.org/, as well as this copyright and license information must be included.
spellingShingle Review
Larbi, Dillys
Randine, Pietro
Årsand, Eirik
Antypas, Konstantinos
Bradway, Meghan
Gabarron, Elia
Methods and Evaluation Criteria for Apps and Digital Interventions for Diabetes Self-Management: Systematic Review
title Methods and Evaluation Criteria for Apps and Digital Interventions for Diabetes Self-Management: Systematic Review
title_full Methods and Evaluation Criteria for Apps and Digital Interventions for Diabetes Self-Management: Systematic Review
title_fullStr Methods and Evaluation Criteria for Apps and Digital Interventions for Diabetes Self-Management: Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed Methods and Evaluation Criteria for Apps and Digital Interventions for Diabetes Self-Management: Systematic Review
title_short Methods and Evaluation Criteria for Apps and Digital Interventions for Diabetes Self-Management: Systematic Review
title_sort methods and evaluation criteria for apps and digital interventions for diabetes self-management: systematic review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7381260/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32628125
http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/18480
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