Predictive Performance of Pender’s Health Promotion Model for Hypertension Control in Iranian Patients

OBJECTIVE: The main aim of this study was to investigate predictive factors of adherence to the hypertension control therapeutic and lifestyle recommendations in a sample of Iranian patients based on the constructs of Pender’s health promotion model. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The cross-sectional study was performed on the 380 hypertensive patients who were referred to the health centers, the emergency and internal diseases departments of the Bagheralolom Hospital, and the cardiologists’ offices in the city of Ahar, North West of Iran. Data were collected using a researcher designed questionnaire based on the Pender’s health promotion model. The Pearson correlation test, multivariate linear regression, and independent t-test were used for data analysis. RESULTS: Mean age of the recruited patients was 52.94 (SD=12.8). Perceived benefits, perceived barriers, situational influences, and interpersonal influences (adjusted R(2)= 0.525) explained 52.5% of the observed variation in adherence to hypertension control recommendations. CONCLUSION: Successful hypertension control in patients with chronic morbidity need to be based on sound data about major determinants of the relevant health/illness behaviors. The study findings revealed that the Pender’s health promotion model could be applicable as a theoretical framework to identify major determinants of adherence to hypertension control recommendations. Future cross-cultural validation of the study findings in more representative and larger sample sizes could add to the legitimacy of the evidence surrounding self-care practices in hypertensive patients.