Cargando…
Effect of calcium oxide and soybean hull addition to feedlot diets containing dried distillers grains and corn stover on steer performance, carcass characteristics, and digestibility
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of soybean hulls (SBH) and/or calcium oxide (CaO) on rumen pH, digestibility, and performance of steers fed diets containing dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS). In experiment 1, Angus × Simmental steers (n = 112, body weight [BW] = 36...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Oxford University Press
2020
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7381837/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32734147 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tas/txaa105 |
_version_ | 1783563129498632192 |
---|---|
author | Lancaster, Nicholas A Muegge, Chris R Carvalho, Jose R R Lopes, Rodrigo C Narumiya, Rafael S Pinese, Fabio Baird, Aubrey Nickie Schoonmaker, Jon P |
author_facet | Lancaster, Nicholas A Muegge, Chris R Carvalho, Jose R R Lopes, Rodrigo C Narumiya, Rafael S Pinese, Fabio Baird, Aubrey Nickie Schoonmaker, Jon P |
author_sort | Lancaster, Nicholas A |
collection | PubMed |
description | The objective of this study was to determine the effect of soybean hulls (SBH) and/or calcium oxide (CaO) on rumen pH, digestibility, and performance of steers fed diets containing dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS). In experiment 1, Angus × Simmental steers (n = 112, body weight [BW] = 364 ± 7.8 kg) were allotted to 1 of 4 diets arranged as a 2 × 2 factorial and placed in 16 pens (7 steers/pen, 4 pens/treatment, and 28 steers/treatment). Factors were SBH (0% or 30% of diet dry matter [DM]) and CaO (0% or 1%) inclusion. Basal diets contained 20% corn stover, 30% DDGS, and 4% supplement. Diets with SBH contained 14.1% or 15.0% corn and diets without SBH contained 43.9% or 44.8% corn. In experiment two, four steers (BW = 510 ± 9.8 kg) were allotted to a 4 × 4 Latin square (21 d periods) to determine the effects of CaO and SBH on ruminal pH, volatile fatty acid (VFA), nutrient digestibility, and digestion kinetics. Statistical analyses were conducted using the MIXED procedure of SAS. In experiment 1, BW did not differ among treatments (P ≥ 0.46). Overall carcass-adjusted gain did not differ due to SBH or CaO inclusion (P ≥ 0.13); however, there was an interaction (P = 0.01) where CaO improved gain in steers fed no SBH, but not in steers fed SBH. Steers fed SBH consumed more DM than steers not fed SBH (P = 0.02) and an interaction tended to occur (P = 0.06) where CaO increased dry matter intake in steers fed no SBH, but not in steers fed SBH. Calcium oxide increased hot carcass weight and yield grade (interaction; P ≤ 0.04) and tended to increase fat thickness (interaction; P = 0.08) in steers fed no SBH, but not in steers fed SBH. Dressing percentage, longissimus muscle area, % kidney, pelvic, heart fat, and marbling score did not differ among treatments (P ≥ 0.14). Total VFA concentrations were greater with SBH inclusion and with CaO addition (P < 0.01). Digestibility of DM, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) was greater with CaO addition (P ≤ 0.04) and NDF and ADF digestibility were greater with SBH inclusion (P < 0.001). Inclusion of SBH did not affect (P ≥ 0.26) rate of digestion (k(d)) or passage (k(p)). Addition of CaO tended to increase mean retention time (P = 0.09). An interaction between SBH inclusion and CaO addition occurred for k(d) (P = 0.01), where CaO increased k(d) in steers fed SBH, but decreased k(d) when steers were fed no SBH. Total N excretion tended to be lower with SBH inclusion and CaO addition (P = 0.07). In conclusion, CaO enhances performance of cattle fed corn, DDGS, and corn stover diets, but not when corn is partially replaced by a fiber-based energy feed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7381837 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Oxford University Press |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-73818372020-07-29 Effect of calcium oxide and soybean hull addition to feedlot diets containing dried distillers grains and corn stover on steer performance, carcass characteristics, and digestibility Lancaster, Nicholas A Muegge, Chris R Carvalho, Jose R R Lopes, Rodrigo C Narumiya, Rafael S Pinese, Fabio Baird, Aubrey Nickie Schoonmaker, Jon P Transl Anim Sci Ruminant Nutrition The objective of this study was to determine the effect of soybean hulls (SBH) and/or calcium oxide (CaO) on rumen pH, digestibility, and performance of steers fed diets containing dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS). In experiment 1, Angus × Simmental steers (n = 112, body weight [BW] = 364 ± 7.8 kg) were allotted to 1 of 4 diets arranged as a 2 × 2 factorial and placed in 16 pens (7 steers/pen, 4 pens/treatment, and 28 steers/treatment). Factors were SBH (0% or 30% of diet dry matter [DM]) and CaO (0% or 1%) inclusion. Basal diets contained 20% corn stover, 30% DDGS, and 4% supplement. Diets with SBH contained 14.1% or 15.0% corn and diets without SBH contained 43.9% or 44.8% corn. In experiment two, four steers (BW = 510 ± 9.8 kg) were allotted to a 4 × 4 Latin square (21 d periods) to determine the effects of CaO and SBH on ruminal pH, volatile fatty acid (VFA), nutrient digestibility, and digestion kinetics. Statistical analyses were conducted using the MIXED procedure of SAS. In experiment 1, BW did not differ among treatments (P ≥ 0.46). Overall carcass-adjusted gain did not differ due to SBH or CaO inclusion (P ≥ 0.13); however, there was an interaction (P = 0.01) where CaO improved gain in steers fed no SBH, but not in steers fed SBH. Steers fed SBH consumed more DM than steers not fed SBH (P = 0.02) and an interaction tended to occur (P = 0.06) where CaO increased dry matter intake in steers fed no SBH, but not in steers fed SBH. Calcium oxide increased hot carcass weight and yield grade (interaction; P ≤ 0.04) and tended to increase fat thickness (interaction; P = 0.08) in steers fed no SBH, but not in steers fed SBH. Dressing percentage, longissimus muscle area, % kidney, pelvic, heart fat, and marbling score did not differ among treatments (P ≥ 0.14). Total VFA concentrations were greater with SBH inclusion and with CaO addition (P < 0.01). Digestibility of DM, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) was greater with CaO addition (P ≤ 0.04) and NDF and ADF digestibility were greater with SBH inclusion (P < 0.001). Inclusion of SBH did not affect (P ≥ 0.26) rate of digestion (k(d)) or passage (k(p)). Addition of CaO tended to increase mean retention time (P = 0.09). An interaction between SBH inclusion and CaO addition occurred for k(d) (P = 0.01), where CaO increased k(d) in steers fed SBH, but decreased k(d) when steers were fed no SBH. Total N excretion tended to be lower with SBH inclusion and CaO addition (P = 0.07). In conclusion, CaO enhances performance of cattle fed corn, DDGS, and corn stover diets, but not when corn is partially replaced by a fiber-based energy feed. Oxford University Press 2020-06-30 /pmc/articles/PMC7381837/ /pubmed/32734147 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tas/txaa105 Text en © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society of Animal Science. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Ruminant Nutrition Lancaster, Nicholas A Muegge, Chris R Carvalho, Jose R R Lopes, Rodrigo C Narumiya, Rafael S Pinese, Fabio Baird, Aubrey Nickie Schoonmaker, Jon P Effect of calcium oxide and soybean hull addition to feedlot diets containing dried distillers grains and corn stover on steer performance, carcass characteristics, and digestibility |
title | Effect of calcium oxide and soybean hull addition to feedlot diets containing dried distillers grains and corn stover on steer performance, carcass characteristics, and digestibility |
title_full | Effect of calcium oxide and soybean hull addition to feedlot diets containing dried distillers grains and corn stover on steer performance, carcass characteristics, and digestibility |
title_fullStr | Effect of calcium oxide and soybean hull addition to feedlot diets containing dried distillers grains and corn stover on steer performance, carcass characteristics, and digestibility |
title_full_unstemmed | Effect of calcium oxide and soybean hull addition to feedlot diets containing dried distillers grains and corn stover on steer performance, carcass characteristics, and digestibility |
title_short | Effect of calcium oxide and soybean hull addition to feedlot diets containing dried distillers grains and corn stover on steer performance, carcass characteristics, and digestibility |
title_sort | effect of calcium oxide and soybean hull addition to feedlot diets containing dried distillers grains and corn stover on steer performance, carcass characteristics, and digestibility |
topic | Ruminant Nutrition |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7381837/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32734147 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tas/txaa105 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT lancasternicholasa effectofcalciumoxideandsoybeanhulladditiontofeedlotdietscontainingdrieddistillersgrainsandcornstoveronsteerperformancecarcasscharacteristicsanddigestibility AT mueggechrisr effectofcalciumoxideandsoybeanhulladditiontofeedlotdietscontainingdrieddistillersgrainsandcornstoveronsteerperformancecarcasscharacteristicsanddigestibility AT carvalhojoserr effectofcalciumoxideandsoybeanhulladditiontofeedlotdietscontainingdrieddistillersgrainsandcornstoveronsteerperformancecarcasscharacteristicsanddigestibility AT lopesrodrigoc effectofcalciumoxideandsoybeanhulladditiontofeedlotdietscontainingdrieddistillersgrainsandcornstoveronsteerperformancecarcasscharacteristicsanddigestibility AT narumiyarafaels effectofcalciumoxideandsoybeanhulladditiontofeedlotdietscontainingdrieddistillersgrainsandcornstoveronsteerperformancecarcasscharacteristicsanddigestibility AT pinesefabio effectofcalciumoxideandsoybeanhulladditiontofeedlotdietscontainingdrieddistillersgrainsandcornstoveronsteerperformancecarcasscharacteristicsanddigestibility AT bairdaubreynickie effectofcalciumoxideandsoybeanhulladditiontofeedlotdietscontainingdrieddistillersgrainsandcornstoveronsteerperformancecarcasscharacteristicsanddigestibility AT schoonmakerjonp effectofcalciumoxideandsoybeanhulladditiontofeedlotdietscontainingdrieddistillersgrainsandcornstoveronsteerperformancecarcasscharacteristicsanddigestibility |