Traumatic perforated diverticulum of the fourth duodenal portion: First case report and literature review

INTRODUCTION: Duodenal rupture following blunt abdominal trauma is rare, and traumatic rupture of duodenal diverticula is exceptional. However, duodenum is the second most frequent location of intestinal diverticula following colon. Duodenal diverticula are common but only in few cases they are symptomatic due to the onset of complications such as inflammation, hemorrhage, or perforation. Perforation, although rare, especially post-trauma, is the most serious life threatening complication. CASE PRESENTATION: We report the case of a patient who, 24 hours after a blunt trauma secondary to a car accident, complained symptoms related to the perforation of a diverticulum of the fourth portion of the duodenum. A computed tomography was performed and extraluminal fluid-air collection was identified. During emergent laparotomy, a fourth portion perforated duodenal diverticulum was diagnosed, and resected. The recovery was uneventful. DISCUSSION: Diagnosis of perforated duodenal diverticulum represents a challenge in diagnosis and few guidelines exist about the management of this rare occurrence, especially in a traumatic setting. The present case is the first report of traumatic perforated diverticulum of the fourth duodenal portion. CONCLUSION: Surgery still remain the most common approach in the treatment of this pathology, including diverticulectomy and primary repair.