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Hepatocellular carcinoma in Ghana: a retrospective analysis of a tertiary hospital data

INTRODUCTION: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a cancer of global public health concern because of its high incidence and mortality. The impact is greatest in areas with high prevalence of its major risk factors including chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV). HBV is endemic in Ghana but a comprehensive...

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Autores principales: Tachi, Kenneth, Agyei-Nkansah, Adwoa, Archampong, Timothy
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The African Field Epidemiology Network 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7388599/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32774619
http://dx.doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2020.36.43.21085
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author Tachi, Kenneth
Agyei-Nkansah, Adwoa
Archampong, Timothy
author_facet Tachi, Kenneth
Agyei-Nkansah, Adwoa
Archampong, Timothy
author_sort Tachi, Kenneth
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a cancer of global public health concern because of its high incidence and mortality. The impact is greatest in areas with high prevalence of its major risk factors including chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV). HBV is endemic in Ghana but a comprehensive data on HCC is lacking. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical, laboratory and radiological features of HCC at the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital in Ghana. METHODS: The medical records of 194 HCC cases attended to at the Gastrointestinal Clinic of the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital between January 2015 and December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed for demographic, clinical, laboratory and radiological data. RESULTS: The male: female ratio was 2:1 and mean age was 45.2 years. Weight loss and abdominal pain were the major presenting symptoms. No patients were identified through surveillance. HBsAg was positive in 109/145 (75.2%) of cases tested. Sixty-five (59.6%) of 109 HBsAg positives were aware of their HBsAg status but only 3 were receiving medical follow ups prior to the diagnosis of HCC. Raised alpha-fetoprotein level >165.2 IU/ML was found in 53.9%. One hundred and forty-four patients were eligible for only analgesia. CONCLUSION: HBV infection is the leading aetiologial risk factor associated with HCC. Majority of HBV carriers are aware of their status but do not receive care prior to HCC diagnosis. Majority present late and are eligible for only palliative treatment. Improvement in the health seeking behavior of HBV carriers can aid early detection of HCC.
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spelling pubmed-73885992020-08-07 Hepatocellular carcinoma in Ghana: a retrospective analysis of a tertiary hospital data Tachi, Kenneth Agyei-Nkansah, Adwoa Archampong, Timothy Pan Afr Med J Research INTRODUCTION: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a cancer of global public health concern because of its high incidence and mortality. The impact is greatest in areas with high prevalence of its major risk factors including chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV). HBV is endemic in Ghana but a comprehensive data on HCC is lacking. The aim of this study was to describe the clinical, laboratory and radiological features of HCC at the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital in Ghana. METHODS: The medical records of 194 HCC cases attended to at the Gastrointestinal Clinic of the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital between January 2015 and December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed for demographic, clinical, laboratory and radiological data. RESULTS: The male: female ratio was 2:1 and mean age was 45.2 years. Weight loss and abdominal pain were the major presenting symptoms. No patients were identified through surveillance. HBsAg was positive in 109/145 (75.2%) of cases tested. Sixty-five (59.6%) of 109 HBsAg positives were aware of their HBsAg status but only 3 were receiving medical follow ups prior to the diagnosis of HCC. Raised alpha-fetoprotein level >165.2 IU/ML was found in 53.9%. One hundred and forty-four patients were eligible for only analgesia. CONCLUSION: HBV infection is the leading aetiologial risk factor associated with HCC. Majority of HBV carriers are aware of their status but do not receive care prior to HCC diagnosis. Majority present late and are eligible for only palliative treatment. Improvement in the health seeking behavior of HBV carriers can aid early detection of HCC. The African Field Epidemiology Network 2020-05-28 /pmc/articles/PMC7388599/ /pubmed/32774619 http://dx.doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2020.36.43.21085 Text en © Kenneth Tachi et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/ The Pan African Medical Journal - ISSN 1937-8688. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research
Tachi, Kenneth
Agyei-Nkansah, Adwoa
Archampong, Timothy
Hepatocellular carcinoma in Ghana: a retrospective analysis of a tertiary hospital data
title Hepatocellular carcinoma in Ghana: a retrospective analysis of a tertiary hospital data
title_full Hepatocellular carcinoma in Ghana: a retrospective analysis of a tertiary hospital data
title_fullStr Hepatocellular carcinoma in Ghana: a retrospective analysis of a tertiary hospital data
title_full_unstemmed Hepatocellular carcinoma in Ghana: a retrospective analysis of a tertiary hospital data
title_short Hepatocellular carcinoma in Ghana: a retrospective analysis of a tertiary hospital data
title_sort hepatocellular carcinoma in ghana: a retrospective analysis of a tertiary hospital data
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7388599/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32774619
http://dx.doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2020.36.43.21085
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