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Genetics and major depressive disorder: clinical implications for disease risk, prognosis and treatment
In the post-genomic era, genetics has led to limited clinical applications in the diagnosis and treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). Variants in genes coding for cytochrome enzymes are included in guidelines for assisting in antidepressant choice and dosing, but there are no recommendations...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Lippincott Williams And Wilkins
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7390499/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32084067 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/YIC.0000000000000305 |
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author | Fabbri, Chiara Montgomery, Stuart Lewis, Cathryn M. Serretti, Alessandro |
author_facet | Fabbri, Chiara Montgomery, Stuart Lewis, Cathryn M. Serretti, Alessandro |
author_sort | Fabbri, Chiara |
collection | PubMed |
description | In the post-genomic era, genetics has led to limited clinical applications in the diagnosis and treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). Variants in genes coding for cytochrome enzymes are included in guidelines for assisting in antidepressant choice and dosing, but there are no recommendations involving genes responsible for antidepressant pharmacodynamics and no consensus applications for guiding diagnosis or prognosis. However, genetics has contributed to a better understanding of MDD pathogenesis and the mechanisms of antidepressant action, also thanks to recent methodological innovations that overcome the challenges posed by the polygenic architecture of these traits. Polygenic risk scores can be used to estimate the risk of disease at the individual level, which may have clinical relevance in cases with extremely high scores (e.g. top 1%). Genetic studies have also shed light on a wide genetic overlap between MDD and other psychiatric disorders. The relationships between genes/pathways associated with MDD and known drug targets are a promising tool for drug repurposing and identification of new pharmacological targets. Increase in power thanks to larger samples and methods integrating genetic data with gene expression, the integration of common variants and rare variants, are expected to advance our knowledge and assist in personalized psychiatry. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7390499 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Lippincott Williams And Wilkins |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-73904992020-08-14 Genetics and major depressive disorder: clinical implications for disease risk, prognosis and treatment Fabbri, Chiara Montgomery, Stuart Lewis, Cathryn M. Serretti, Alessandro Int Clin Psychopharmacol Review Articles In the post-genomic era, genetics has led to limited clinical applications in the diagnosis and treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). Variants in genes coding for cytochrome enzymes are included in guidelines for assisting in antidepressant choice and dosing, but there are no recommendations involving genes responsible for antidepressant pharmacodynamics and no consensus applications for guiding diagnosis or prognosis. However, genetics has contributed to a better understanding of MDD pathogenesis and the mechanisms of antidepressant action, also thanks to recent methodological innovations that overcome the challenges posed by the polygenic architecture of these traits. Polygenic risk scores can be used to estimate the risk of disease at the individual level, which may have clinical relevance in cases with extremely high scores (e.g. top 1%). Genetic studies have also shed light on a wide genetic overlap between MDD and other psychiatric disorders. The relationships between genes/pathways associated with MDD and known drug targets are a promising tool for drug repurposing and identification of new pharmacological targets. Increase in power thanks to larger samples and methods integrating genetic data with gene expression, the integration of common variants and rare variants, are expected to advance our knowledge and assist in personalized psychiatry. Lippincott Williams And Wilkins 2020-05-15 2020-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7390499/ /pubmed/32084067 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/YIC.0000000000000305 Text en Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives License 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) (CC-BY-NC-ND), where it is permissible to download and share the work provided it is properly cited. The work cannot be changed in any way or used commercially without permission from the journal. |
spellingShingle | Review Articles Fabbri, Chiara Montgomery, Stuart Lewis, Cathryn M. Serretti, Alessandro Genetics and major depressive disorder: clinical implications for disease risk, prognosis and treatment |
title | Genetics and major depressive disorder: clinical implications for disease risk, prognosis and treatment |
title_full | Genetics and major depressive disorder: clinical implications for disease risk, prognosis and treatment |
title_fullStr | Genetics and major depressive disorder: clinical implications for disease risk, prognosis and treatment |
title_full_unstemmed | Genetics and major depressive disorder: clinical implications for disease risk, prognosis and treatment |
title_short | Genetics and major depressive disorder: clinical implications for disease risk, prognosis and treatment |
title_sort | genetics and major depressive disorder: clinical implications for disease risk, prognosis and treatment |
topic | Review Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7390499/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32084067 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/YIC.0000000000000305 |
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