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Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis Related to Iron-Deficiency Anemia
Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is an uncommon diagnosis associated with life-threatening and long-term neurological consequences in children. It is characterized by non-specific symptoms, including fever, altered mental status and focal neurological deficits. Etiologic factors include infec...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Cureus
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7392185/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32760618 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.8917 |
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author | Shah, Prachi Nguyen, Dan Berman, Brian |
author_facet | Shah, Prachi Nguyen, Dan Berman, Brian |
author_sort | Shah, Prachi |
collection | PubMed |
description | Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is an uncommon diagnosis associated with life-threatening and long-term neurological consequences in children. It is characterized by non-specific symptoms, including fever, altered mental status and focal neurological deficits. Etiologic factors include infection, trauma, prothrombotic disorders and importantly, iron-deficiency anemia. Iron-deficiency anemia is a preventable risk factor of CVST as it is commonly caused by excessive cow milk consumption in infants and toddlers. Diagnosis is mainly made with MRI and magnetic resonance venography (MRV). Prompt anticoagulation is a key therapeutic intervention, and in the case of associated iron deficiency, iron repletion and elimination or limitation of milk from diet are also required. Thus, it is essential for physicians to have a high level of suspicion to diagnose CVST, given its non-specific presentation. This is a case report of a two-year-old boy who presented to the pediatric emergency department with vomiting and altered mental status and was ultimately diagnosed with CVST. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7392185 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Cureus |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-73921852020-08-04 Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis Related to Iron-Deficiency Anemia Shah, Prachi Nguyen, Dan Berman, Brian Cureus Emergency Medicine Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is an uncommon diagnosis associated with life-threatening and long-term neurological consequences in children. It is characterized by non-specific symptoms, including fever, altered mental status and focal neurological deficits. Etiologic factors include infection, trauma, prothrombotic disorders and importantly, iron-deficiency anemia. Iron-deficiency anemia is a preventable risk factor of CVST as it is commonly caused by excessive cow milk consumption in infants and toddlers. Diagnosis is mainly made with MRI and magnetic resonance venography (MRV). Prompt anticoagulation is a key therapeutic intervention, and in the case of associated iron deficiency, iron repletion and elimination or limitation of milk from diet are also required. Thus, it is essential for physicians to have a high level of suspicion to diagnose CVST, given its non-specific presentation. This is a case report of a two-year-old boy who presented to the pediatric emergency department with vomiting and altered mental status and was ultimately diagnosed with CVST. Cureus 2020-06-29 /pmc/articles/PMC7392185/ /pubmed/32760618 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.8917 Text en Copyright © 2020, Shah et al. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Emergency Medicine Shah, Prachi Nguyen, Dan Berman, Brian Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis Related to Iron-Deficiency Anemia |
title | Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis Related to Iron-Deficiency Anemia |
title_full | Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis Related to Iron-Deficiency Anemia |
title_fullStr | Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis Related to Iron-Deficiency Anemia |
title_full_unstemmed | Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis Related to Iron-Deficiency Anemia |
title_short | Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis Related to Iron-Deficiency Anemia |
title_sort | cerebral venous sinus thrombosis related to iron-deficiency anemia |
topic | Emergency Medicine |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7392185/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32760618 http://dx.doi.org/10.7759/cureus.8917 |
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