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Prevalence of severe Plasmodium knowlesi infection and risk factors related to severe complications compared with non-severe P. knowlesi and severe P. falciparum malaria: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Plasmodium knowlesi is a potential cause of severe and fatal malaria, but comprehensive studies of its pooled prevalence and risk factors are lacking. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and risk factors related to severe P. knowlesi infection. METHODS: A systematic review was con...

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Autores principales: Kotepui, Manas, Kotepui, Kwuntida Uthaisar, Milanez, Giovanni D., Masangkay, Frederick R.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7392650/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32727617
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00727-x
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author Kotepui, Manas
Kotepui, Kwuntida Uthaisar
Milanez, Giovanni D.
Masangkay, Frederick R.
author_facet Kotepui, Manas
Kotepui, Kwuntida Uthaisar
Milanez, Giovanni D.
Masangkay, Frederick R.
author_sort Kotepui, Manas
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Plasmodium knowlesi is a potential cause of severe and fatal malaria, but comprehensive studies of its pooled prevalence and risk factors are lacking. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and risk factors related to severe P. knowlesi infection. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted by retrieving all published articles on severe P. knowlesi available in Web of Science (ISI), Scopus, and PubMed (MEDLINE). Titles, abstracts, and full-text articles were screened, and any irrelevant studies were excluded. The random-effects model was used to compute the pooled prevalence estimate of severe P. knowlesi infection by a metaprop command provided in STATA software. Differences in demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, and laboratory data were analysed using Review Manager Version 5.3 software for patients in the following groups: 1) patients with severe and non-severe P. knowlesi infection and 2) patients with severe P. knowlesi and severe P. falciparum infection. RESULTS: Out of the 2382 studies retrieved from the three databases, seven studies with a total enrolment of 1124 patients with P. knowlesi infections were eligible to be included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence estimate of severe P. knowlesi infection was 19% (95% CI: 11–27%, I(2) = 93.7%). Severe acute kidney injuries (AKI) (77 cases, 45.6%), jaundice (71 cases, 42%), and hyperparasitaemia (55 cases, 32.5%) were the common clinical manifestations found among patients with severe complications. In comparison to non-severe P. knowlesi infections, patients with severe P. knowlesi infections had significantly higher age, leucocyte count, and parasitaemia levels (P < 0.05). In comparison to patients with severe P. falciparum infections, patients with severe P. knowlesi infections had significantly higher age, neutrophil count, and creatinine levels (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated a high proportion of severe P. knowlesi infections. Patients with severe P. knowlesi infections had higher age, leucocyte count, and parasitaemia levels than those with non-severe P. knowlesi infections. In addition, patients with severe P. knowlesi infections had higher age, neutrophil count, and creatinine levels than those with severe P. falciparum infections.
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spelling pubmed-73926502020-08-04 Prevalence of severe Plasmodium knowlesi infection and risk factors related to severe complications compared with non-severe P. knowlesi and severe P. falciparum malaria: a systematic review and meta-analysis Kotepui, Manas Kotepui, Kwuntida Uthaisar Milanez, Giovanni D. Masangkay, Frederick R. Infect Dis Poverty Research Article BACKGROUND: Plasmodium knowlesi is a potential cause of severe and fatal malaria, but comprehensive studies of its pooled prevalence and risk factors are lacking. This study aimed to explore the prevalence and risk factors related to severe P. knowlesi infection. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted by retrieving all published articles on severe P. knowlesi available in Web of Science (ISI), Scopus, and PubMed (MEDLINE). Titles, abstracts, and full-text articles were screened, and any irrelevant studies were excluded. The random-effects model was used to compute the pooled prevalence estimate of severe P. knowlesi infection by a metaprop command provided in STATA software. Differences in demographic characteristics, clinical characteristics, and laboratory data were analysed using Review Manager Version 5.3 software for patients in the following groups: 1) patients with severe and non-severe P. knowlesi infection and 2) patients with severe P. knowlesi and severe P. falciparum infection. RESULTS: Out of the 2382 studies retrieved from the three databases, seven studies with a total enrolment of 1124 patients with P. knowlesi infections were eligible to be included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence estimate of severe P. knowlesi infection was 19% (95% CI: 11–27%, I(2) = 93.7%). Severe acute kidney injuries (AKI) (77 cases, 45.6%), jaundice (71 cases, 42%), and hyperparasitaemia (55 cases, 32.5%) were the common clinical manifestations found among patients with severe complications. In comparison to non-severe P. knowlesi infections, patients with severe P. knowlesi infections had significantly higher age, leucocyte count, and parasitaemia levels (P < 0.05). In comparison to patients with severe P. falciparum infections, patients with severe P. knowlesi infections had significantly higher age, neutrophil count, and creatinine levels (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated a high proportion of severe P. knowlesi infections. Patients with severe P. knowlesi infections had higher age, leucocyte count, and parasitaemia levels than those with non-severe P. knowlesi infections. In addition, patients with severe P. knowlesi infections had higher age, neutrophil count, and creatinine levels than those with severe P. falciparum infections. BioMed Central 2020-07-29 /pmc/articles/PMC7392650/ /pubmed/32727617 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00727-x Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research Article
Kotepui, Manas
Kotepui, Kwuntida Uthaisar
Milanez, Giovanni D.
Masangkay, Frederick R.
Prevalence of severe Plasmodium knowlesi infection and risk factors related to severe complications compared with non-severe P. knowlesi and severe P. falciparum malaria: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title Prevalence of severe Plasmodium knowlesi infection and risk factors related to severe complications compared with non-severe P. knowlesi and severe P. falciparum malaria: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full Prevalence of severe Plasmodium knowlesi infection and risk factors related to severe complications compared with non-severe P. knowlesi and severe P. falciparum malaria: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_fullStr Prevalence of severe Plasmodium knowlesi infection and risk factors related to severe complications compared with non-severe P. knowlesi and severe P. falciparum malaria: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence of severe Plasmodium knowlesi infection and risk factors related to severe complications compared with non-severe P. knowlesi and severe P. falciparum malaria: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_short Prevalence of severe Plasmodium knowlesi infection and risk factors related to severe complications compared with non-severe P. knowlesi and severe P. falciparum malaria: a systematic review and meta-analysis
title_sort prevalence of severe plasmodium knowlesi infection and risk factors related to severe complications compared with non-severe p. knowlesi and severe p. falciparum malaria: a systematic review and meta-analysis
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7392650/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32727617
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40249-020-00727-x
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