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The role of aspartic acid in reducing coral calcification under ocean acidification conditions

Biomolecules play key roles in regulating the precipitation of CaCO(3) biominerals but their response to ocean acidification is poorly understood. We analysed the skeletal intracrystalline amino acids of massive, tropical Porites spp. corals cultured over different seawater pCO(2). We find that conc...

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Autores principales: Kellock, Celeste, Cole, Catherine, Penkman, Kirsty, Evans, David, Kröger, Roland, Hintz, Chris, Hintz, Ken, Finch, Adrian, Allison, Nicola
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7393068/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32733044
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-69556-0
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author Kellock, Celeste
Cole, Catherine
Penkman, Kirsty
Evans, David
Kröger, Roland
Hintz, Chris
Hintz, Ken
Finch, Adrian
Allison, Nicola
author_facet Kellock, Celeste
Cole, Catherine
Penkman, Kirsty
Evans, David
Kröger, Roland
Hintz, Chris
Hintz, Ken
Finch, Adrian
Allison, Nicola
author_sort Kellock, Celeste
collection PubMed
description Biomolecules play key roles in regulating the precipitation of CaCO(3) biominerals but their response to ocean acidification is poorly understood. We analysed the skeletal intracrystalline amino acids of massive, tropical Porites spp. corals cultured over different seawater pCO(2). We find that concentrations of total amino acids, aspartic acid/asparagine (Asx), glutamic acid/glutamine and alanine are positively correlated with seawater pCO(2) and inversely correlated with seawater pH. Almost all variance in calcification rates between corals can be explained by changes in the skeletal total amino acid, Asx, serine and alanine concentrations combined with the calcification media pH (a likely indicator of the dissolved inorganic carbon available to support calcification). We show that aspartic acid inhibits aragonite precipitation from seawater in vitro, at the pH, saturation state and approximate aspartic acid concentrations inferred to occur at the coral calcification site. Reducing seawater saturation state and increasing [aspartic acid], as occurs in some corals at high pCO(2), both serve to increase the degree of inhibition, indicating that biomolecules may contribute to reduced coral calcification rates under ocean acidification.
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spelling pubmed-73930682020-08-03 The role of aspartic acid in reducing coral calcification under ocean acidification conditions Kellock, Celeste Cole, Catherine Penkman, Kirsty Evans, David Kröger, Roland Hintz, Chris Hintz, Ken Finch, Adrian Allison, Nicola Sci Rep Article Biomolecules play key roles in regulating the precipitation of CaCO(3) biominerals but their response to ocean acidification is poorly understood. We analysed the skeletal intracrystalline amino acids of massive, tropical Porites spp. corals cultured over different seawater pCO(2). We find that concentrations of total amino acids, aspartic acid/asparagine (Asx), glutamic acid/glutamine and alanine are positively correlated with seawater pCO(2) and inversely correlated with seawater pH. Almost all variance in calcification rates between corals can be explained by changes in the skeletal total amino acid, Asx, serine and alanine concentrations combined with the calcification media pH (a likely indicator of the dissolved inorganic carbon available to support calcification). We show that aspartic acid inhibits aragonite precipitation from seawater in vitro, at the pH, saturation state and approximate aspartic acid concentrations inferred to occur at the coral calcification site. Reducing seawater saturation state and increasing [aspartic acid], as occurs in some corals at high pCO(2), both serve to increase the degree of inhibition, indicating that biomolecules may contribute to reduced coral calcification rates under ocean acidification. Nature Publishing Group UK 2020-07-30 /pmc/articles/PMC7393068/ /pubmed/32733044 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-69556-0 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Article
Kellock, Celeste
Cole, Catherine
Penkman, Kirsty
Evans, David
Kröger, Roland
Hintz, Chris
Hintz, Ken
Finch, Adrian
Allison, Nicola
The role of aspartic acid in reducing coral calcification under ocean acidification conditions
title The role of aspartic acid in reducing coral calcification under ocean acidification conditions
title_full The role of aspartic acid in reducing coral calcification under ocean acidification conditions
title_fullStr The role of aspartic acid in reducing coral calcification under ocean acidification conditions
title_full_unstemmed The role of aspartic acid in reducing coral calcification under ocean acidification conditions
title_short The role of aspartic acid in reducing coral calcification under ocean acidification conditions
title_sort role of aspartic acid in reducing coral calcification under ocean acidification conditions
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7393068/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32733044
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-69556-0
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