The plausible role of Deep Cervical Fascia and its continuum in chronic craniofacial and Cervicobrachial Pain: A case report

BACKGROUND: The painful conditions of the Upper quarter region (UQR) such as chronic Craniofacial Pain (CFP) and Cervicobrachial Pain (CBP) usually occur with a plethora of symptoms. Although biological and psychosocial factors are attributed to such conditions, the involvement of the Deep Cervical Fascia (DCF) is ambiguous and needs further exploration. OBJECTIVE: We reported a case of CFP and CBP with an intent to showcase the possible involvement of impaired DCF in such presentations and to explore the short-term effect of Fascia directed approach (Fascial Manipulation). METHODS: This is a report of a 25-year-old female college student with chronic head, temporomandibular, neck, and arm pain over the past four years with acute pain exacerbation. After identifying the densified Centre of Coordination points along the myofascial continuum of the DCF, Fascial Manipulation (FM) was performed by deep manual friction. The patient-reported outcomes such as the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS), Temporomandibular disability index (TMDI), and Patient-Specific Functional Scale (PSFS) were assessed. RESULTS: Following FM treatment, there is a reduction in pain and improved function between the baseline and follow up evaluation after one week based on all the outcomes (NPRS, PSFS, and TMDI). CONCLUSION: This case report highlights the possible role of dysfunction of the DCF and the importance of assessing myofascial chains in patients with pain in the UQR. The report has also shown that FM may be beneficial and can be considered an adjunct in the rehabilitation of chronic CFP and CBP. Nevertheless, future studies with multiple sessions and follow-ups are imperative.