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Use of a NAT-based assay to improve the surveillance system and prevent transfusion-transmitted malaria in blood banks

BACKGROUND: Malaria can be transmitted by blood transfusion through donations collected from asymptomatic donors. Transfusion-transmitted malaria (TTM) poses a great risk to blood services worldwide. A good screening tool for Plasmodium spp. detection in blood banks must have a high sensitivity for...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Rocha, Daniele, de Melo, Gisely Cardoso, Carneiro, José Marcelo Hipólito, Ribeiro, Marisa, Ribeiro, Sthefanie, de Godoy, Daniela Tupy, de Almeida, Anne Cristine Gomes, de Andrade, Elisabete Ferreira, Abrahim, Cláudia Maria de Moura, Fraiji, Nelson Abrahim, Ferreira, Antonio Gomes Pinto, Monteiro, Wuelton Marcelo, Brindeiro, Rodrigo, Tanuri, Amilcar, de Lacerda, Marcus Vinicius Guimarães, Alvarez, Patrícia
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7395345/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32736625
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12936-020-03345-y
Descripción
Sumario:BACKGROUND: Malaria can be transmitted by blood transfusion through donations collected from asymptomatic donors. Transfusion-transmitted malaria (TTM) poses a great risk to blood services worldwide. A good screening tool for Plasmodium spp. detection in blood banks must have a high sensitivity for prevention of TTM. However, in Brazilian blood banks, screening for malaria still relies on microscopy. METHODS: In Brazil, screening for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV), RNA/DNA for hepatitis C (HCV) and hepatitis B (HBV) viruses is mandatory for every blood donation and uses nucleic acid amplification testing (NAT). The aim of this study was to evaluate the inclusion of an assay for malaria to identify Plasmodium sp. from total nucleic acid (TNA; DNA/RNA) by targeting the 18S rRNA gene of the parasite. RESULTS: Considering the limitations of microscopy and the wide availability of the Brazilian NAT platform in the screening of blood units for HIV, HCV, and HBV, a molecular diagnostic tool was validated for detection of Plasmodium sp. in blood banks; a pilot study showed that using this novel NAT assay could reduce the risk of TTM. CONCLUSION: The prototype HIV/HCV/HBV/malaria NAT assay was effective in detecting infected candidate donors and has good prospects to be applied in routine screening for preventing TTM.