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Complete microviscosity maps of living plant cells and tissues with a toolbox of targeting mechanoprobes
Mechanical patterns control a variety of biological processes in plants. The microviscosity of cellular structures effects the diffusion rate of molecules and organelles, thereby affecting processes such as metabolism and signaling. Spatial variations in local viscosity are also generated during fun...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
National Academy of Sciences
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7395454/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32669427 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1921374117 |
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author | Michels, Lucile Gorelova, Vera Harnvanichvech, Yosapol Borst, Jan Willem Albada, Bauke Weijers, Dolf Sprakel, Joris |
author_facet | Michels, Lucile Gorelova, Vera Harnvanichvech, Yosapol Borst, Jan Willem Albada, Bauke Weijers, Dolf Sprakel, Joris |
author_sort | Michels, Lucile |
collection | PubMed |
description | Mechanical patterns control a variety of biological processes in plants. The microviscosity of cellular structures effects the diffusion rate of molecules and organelles, thereby affecting processes such as metabolism and signaling. Spatial variations in local viscosity are also generated during fundamental events in the cell life cycle. While crucial to a complete understanding of plant mechanobiology, resolving subcellular microviscosity patterns in plants has remained an unsolved challenge. We present an imaging microviscosimetry toolbox of molecular rotors that yield complete microviscosity maps of cells and tissues, specifically targeting the cytosol, vacuole, plasma membrane, and wall of plant cells. These boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY)-based molecular rotors are rigidochromic by means of coupling the rate of an intramolecular rotation, which depends on the mechanics of their direct surroundings, with their fluorescence lifetime. This enables the optical mapping of fluidity and porosity patterns in targeted cellular compartments. We show how apparent viscosity relates to cell function in the root, how the growth of cellular protrusions induces local tension, and how the cell wall is adapted to perform actuation surrounding leaf pores. These results pave the way to the noninvasive micromechanical mapping of complex tissues. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7395454 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | National Academy of Sciences |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-73954542020-08-07 Complete microviscosity maps of living plant cells and tissues with a toolbox of targeting mechanoprobes Michels, Lucile Gorelova, Vera Harnvanichvech, Yosapol Borst, Jan Willem Albada, Bauke Weijers, Dolf Sprakel, Joris Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Biological Sciences Mechanical patterns control a variety of biological processes in plants. The microviscosity of cellular structures effects the diffusion rate of molecules and organelles, thereby affecting processes such as metabolism and signaling. Spatial variations in local viscosity are also generated during fundamental events in the cell life cycle. While crucial to a complete understanding of plant mechanobiology, resolving subcellular microviscosity patterns in plants has remained an unsolved challenge. We present an imaging microviscosimetry toolbox of molecular rotors that yield complete microviscosity maps of cells and tissues, specifically targeting the cytosol, vacuole, plasma membrane, and wall of plant cells. These boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY)-based molecular rotors are rigidochromic by means of coupling the rate of an intramolecular rotation, which depends on the mechanics of their direct surroundings, with their fluorescence lifetime. This enables the optical mapping of fluidity and porosity patterns in targeted cellular compartments. We show how apparent viscosity relates to cell function in the root, how the growth of cellular protrusions induces local tension, and how the cell wall is adapted to perform actuation surrounding leaf pores. These results pave the way to the noninvasive micromechanical mapping of complex tissues. National Academy of Sciences 2020-07-28 2020-07-15 /pmc/articles/PMC7395454/ /pubmed/32669427 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1921374117 Text en Copyright © 2020 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This open access article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives License 4.0 (CC BY-NC-ND) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Biological Sciences Michels, Lucile Gorelova, Vera Harnvanichvech, Yosapol Borst, Jan Willem Albada, Bauke Weijers, Dolf Sprakel, Joris Complete microviscosity maps of living plant cells and tissues with a toolbox of targeting mechanoprobes |
title | Complete microviscosity maps of living plant cells and tissues with a toolbox of targeting mechanoprobes |
title_full | Complete microviscosity maps of living plant cells and tissues with a toolbox of targeting mechanoprobes |
title_fullStr | Complete microviscosity maps of living plant cells and tissues with a toolbox of targeting mechanoprobes |
title_full_unstemmed | Complete microviscosity maps of living plant cells and tissues with a toolbox of targeting mechanoprobes |
title_short | Complete microviscosity maps of living plant cells and tissues with a toolbox of targeting mechanoprobes |
title_sort | complete microviscosity maps of living plant cells and tissues with a toolbox of targeting mechanoprobes |
topic | Biological Sciences |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7395454/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32669427 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1921374117 |
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