Dorsal migration of lumbar disc fragments causing cauda equina syndromes: A three case series and literature review

BACKGROUND: Dorsal migration of an intervertebral lumbar disc fragment is exceedingly rare and may result in spinal cord or cauda equina compression. Radiologically, these lesions may be misdiagnosed as extradural masses or epidural hematomas. CASE DESCRIPTION: We present three cases involving dorsal migration of sequestered lumbar disc fragments resulting in cauda equina syndromes. A 31-year-old male, 79-year-old female, and 47-year-old female presented with cauda equina syndromes attributed to the migration of dorsal sequestered lumbar disc fragments. Prompt surgical decompression resulted in adequate outcomes. Here, we review the three cases and the current literature for such lesions. CONCLUSION: Dorsal migration of sequestered lumbar disc fragments is exceedingly rare, and these lesions are frequently misdiagnosed as extradural masses of other origin or epidural hematomas. Here and in the literature, prompt epidural decompression both confirmed the correct diagnosis and resulted in excellent outcomes.