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Effects of Electrolyzed Water on the Growth of Oral Pathologic Bacteria Species and its Cytotoxic Effects on Fibroblast and Epithelial Cells at Different pH Values
BACKGROUND: Microbial plaque-induced oral diseases are among the most common diseases worldwide. The present study aimed to compare the antimicrobial effect of electrolyzed water (EW), (acidic, mildly basic, and basic) on the growth of bacterial species producing dental plaque and to assess their cy...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Shiraz University of Medical Sciences
2020
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7395957/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32801417 http://dx.doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2019.45392 |
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author | Vahabi, Surena Shokri, Mehdi Lazar, Masih |
author_facet | Vahabi, Surena Shokri, Mehdi Lazar, Masih |
author_sort | Vahabi, Surena |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: Microbial plaque-induced oral diseases are among the most common diseases worldwide. The present study aimed to compare the antimicrobial effect of electrolyzed water (EW), (acidic, mildly basic, and basic) on the growth of bacterial species producing dental plaque and to assess their cytotoxicity on fibroblasts and epithelial cells. METHODS: The study was performed at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in 2019. Several bacterial species (Streptococcus salivarius, Staphylococcus aureus, Lactobacillus casei, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans) were treated with different EW types at three pH values (3, 9, and 11) for 30 seconds and subsequently, the colonies were counted. The cytotoxic effect of these EW types was evaluated on HeLa and L929 cell lines at 30 seconds, 1 minute, and 5 minutes. GraphPad Prism 6.0 was used for statistical analysis. The Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Mann-Whitney U and one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s test were used to analyze bacterial activity and cell cytotoxicity, respectively. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: EW types significantly inhibited bacterial growth at all pH values. The strongest antibacterial activity of EW was against A. actinomycetemcomitans (P<0.001) and the least significant antibacterial activity was against S. aureus (P<0.001). The EW types showed increased cytotoxic activity against L929 cells as the treatment time increased. The most cytotoxic effect was seen at 5 minutes of treatment in all EW types compared with the negative control group (P<0.0001). This negative cytotoxic effect on HeLa cells was shown just after 30 seconds and viable cell counts increased over time, reaching its highest value at 5 minutes of treatment with basic EW (P<0.0001). CONCLUSION: The contradictory effects of the EW types on both HeLa and fibroblasts, in addition to variable results at different exposure times, indicated that the effect of EW could vary depending on cell types and treatment periods. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7395957 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | Shiraz University of Medical Sciences |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-73959572020-08-13 Effects of Electrolyzed Water on the Growth of Oral Pathologic Bacteria Species and its Cytotoxic Effects on Fibroblast and Epithelial Cells at Different pH Values Vahabi, Surena Shokri, Mehdi Lazar, Masih Iran J Med Sci Original Article BACKGROUND: Microbial plaque-induced oral diseases are among the most common diseases worldwide. The present study aimed to compare the antimicrobial effect of electrolyzed water (EW), (acidic, mildly basic, and basic) on the growth of bacterial species producing dental plaque and to assess their cytotoxicity on fibroblasts and epithelial cells. METHODS: The study was performed at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences in 2019. Several bacterial species (Streptococcus salivarius, Staphylococcus aureus, Lactobacillus casei, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans) were treated with different EW types at three pH values (3, 9, and 11) for 30 seconds and subsequently, the colonies were counted. The cytotoxic effect of these EW types was evaluated on HeLa and L929 cell lines at 30 seconds, 1 minute, and 5 minutes. GraphPad Prism 6.0 was used for statistical analysis. The Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Mann-Whitney U and one-way analysis of variance followed by Tukey’s test were used to analyze bacterial activity and cell cytotoxicity, respectively. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: EW types significantly inhibited bacterial growth at all pH values. The strongest antibacterial activity of EW was against A. actinomycetemcomitans (P<0.001) and the least significant antibacterial activity was against S. aureus (P<0.001). The EW types showed increased cytotoxic activity against L929 cells as the treatment time increased. The most cytotoxic effect was seen at 5 minutes of treatment in all EW types compared with the negative control group (P<0.0001). This negative cytotoxic effect on HeLa cells was shown just after 30 seconds and viable cell counts increased over time, reaching its highest value at 5 minutes of treatment with basic EW (P<0.0001). CONCLUSION: The contradictory effects of the EW types on both HeLa and fibroblasts, in addition to variable results at different exposure times, indicated that the effect of EW could vary depending on cell types and treatment periods. Shiraz University of Medical Sciences 2020-07 /pmc/articles/PMC7395957/ /pubmed/32801417 http://dx.doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2019.45392 Text en Copyright: © Iranian Journal of Medical Sciences http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/ This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 4.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Article Vahabi, Surena Shokri, Mehdi Lazar, Masih Effects of Electrolyzed Water on the Growth of Oral Pathologic Bacteria Species and its Cytotoxic Effects on Fibroblast and Epithelial Cells at Different pH Values |
title | Effects of Electrolyzed Water on the Growth of Oral Pathologic Bacteria Species and its Cytotoxic Effects on Fibroblast and Epithelial Cells at Different pH Values |
title_full | Effects of Electrolyzed Water on the Growth of Oral Pathologic Bacteria Species and its Cytotoxic Effects on Fibroblast and Epithelial Cells at Different pH Values |
title_fullStr | Effects of Electrolyzed Water on the Growth of Oral Pathologic Bacteria Species and its Cytotoxic Effects on Fibroblast and Epithelial Cells at Different pH Values |
title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Electrolyzed Water on the Growth of Oral Pathologic Bacteria Species and its Cytotoxic Effects on Fibroblast and Epithelial Cells at Different pH Values |
title_short | Effects of Electrolyzed Water on the Growth of Oral Pathologic Bacteria Species and its Cytotoxic Effects on Fibroblast and Epithelial Cells at Different pH Values |
title_sort | effects of electrolyzed water on the growth of oral pathologic bacteria species and its cytotoxic effects on fibroblast and epithelial cells at different ph values |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7395957/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32801417 http://dx.doi.org/10.30476/ijms.2019.45392 |
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