Modified deep anterior lamellar dissection for corneal opacity during vitrectomy: case reports

BACKGROUND: To introduce a modified deep anterior lamellar dissection technique to improve visibility during surgery for vitreoretinal diseases with coexisting corneal opacity. CASE PRESENTATION: Two patients with retinal detachment and coexisting corneal blood staining or corneal decompensation underwent modified deep anterior lamellar dissections followed by vitrectomy. The modified deep anterior lamellar dissection techniques, unlike the dissection and removal of corneal lamellar in a typical deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty, included the creation and preservation of a deep lamellar corneal flap, the retroillumination to visualize and easily remove the remaining opaque stroma on the Descemet membrane, and the big air bubble technique in the eye with endothelial decompensation. The patient’s own cornea flap was sutured back after vitrectomy was done. The modified dissection techniques provided adequate fundus view during vitrectomy while removing as less corneal tissue as possible and decreasing the surgical complications and the requirement of a fresh cornea. Postoperatively, in case 1, the corneal blood staining was gradually absorbed and the vision improved from light perception to counting fingers. In case 2, even though the cornea remained cloudy and the vision was poor, the cornea endothelial decompensation was stable and asymptomatic. Both retinas were attached after silicone oil removal at 6-month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: This modified and limited deep anterior lamellar corneal dissection procedure appears to be a useful alternative to penetrating keratoplasty, ophthalmic endoscope and temporary keratoprosthesis during the vitrectomy with coexisting corneal opacity.