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Nutrient Adequacy Is Low among Both Self-Declared Lacto-Vegetarian and Non-Vegetarian Pregnant Women in Uttar Pradesh

Poor dietary intake during pregnancy remains a significant public health concern, affecting the health of the mother and fetus. This study examines the adequacy of energy, macronutrient, and micronutrient intakes among self-declared lacto-vegetarian and non-vegetarian pregnant women. We analyzed die...

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Autores principales: Bellows, Alexandra L., Kachwaha, Shivani, Ghosh, Sebanti, Kappos, Kristen, Escobar-Alegria, Jessica, Menon, Purnima, Nguyen, Phuong H.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7400876/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32708996
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12072126
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author Bellows, Alexandra L.
Kachwaha, Shivani
Ghosh, Sebanti
Kappos, Kristen
Escobar-Alegria, Jessica
Menon, Purnima
Nguyen, Phuong H.
author_facet Bellows, Alexandra L.
Kachwaha, Shivani
Ghosh, Sebanti
Kappos, Kristen
Escobar-Alegria, Jessica
Menon, Purnima
Nguyen, Phuong H.
author_sort Bellows, Alexandra L.
collection PubMed
description Poor dietary intake during pregnancy remains a significant public health concern, affecting the health of the mother and fetus. This study examines the adequacy of energy, macronutrient, and micronutrient intakes among self-declared lacto-vegetarian and non-vegetarian pregnant women. We analyzed dietary data from 627 pregnant women in Uttar Pradesh, India, using a multiple-pass 24 h diet recall. Compared to non-vegetarians, lacto-vegetarians (~46%) were less likely to report excessive carbohydrate (78% vs. 63%) and inadequate fat intakes (70% vs. 52%). In unadjusted analyses, lacto-vegetarians had a slightly higher mean PA for micronutrients (20% vs. 17%), but these differences were no longer significant after controlling for caste, education, and other demographic characteristics. In both groups, the median intake of 9 out of 11 micronutrients was below the Estimated Average Requirement. In conclusion, the energy and micronutrient intakes were inadequate, and the macronutrient intakes were imbalanced, regardless of stated dietary preferences. Since diets are poor across the board, a range of policies and interventions that address the household food environment, nutrition counseling, behavior change, and supplementation are needed in order to achieve adequate nutrient intake for pregnant women in this population.
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spelling pubmed-74008762020-08-07 Nutrient Adequacy Is Low among Both Self-Declared Lacto-Vegetarian and Non-Vegetarian Pregnant Women in Uttar Pradesh Bellows, Alexandra L. Kachwaha, Shivani Ghosh, Sebanti Kappos, Kristen Escobar-Alegria, Jessica Menon, Purnima Nguyen, Phuong H. Nutrients Article Poor dietary intake during pregnancy remains a significant public health concern, affecting the health of the mother and fetus. This study examines the adequacy of energy, macronutrient, and micronutrient intakes among self-declared lacto-vegetarian and non-vegetarian pregnant women. We analyzed dietary data from 627 pregnant women in Uttar Pradesh, India, using a multiple-pass 24 h diet recall. Compared to non-vegetarians, lacto-vegetarians (~46%) were less likely to report excessive carbohydrate (78% vs. 63%) and inadequate fat intakes (70% vs. 52%). In unadjusted analyses, lacto-vegetarians had a slightly higher mean PA for micronutrients (20% vs. 17%), but these differences were no longer significant after controlling for caste, education, and other demographic characteristics. In both groups, the median intake of 9 out of 11 micronutrients was below the Estimated Average Requirement. In conclusion, the energy and micronutrient intakes were inadequate, and the macronutrient intakes were imbalanced, regardless of stated dietary preferences. Since diets are poor across the board, a range of policies and interventions that address the household food environment, nutrition counseling, behavior change, and supplementation are needed in order to achieve adequate nutrient intake for pregnant women in this population. MDPI 2020-07-17 /pmc/articles/PMC7400876/ /pubmed/32708996 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12072126 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Bellows, Alexandra L.
Kachwaha, Shivani
Ghosh, Sebanti
Kappos, Kristen
Escobar-Alegria, Jessica
Menon, Purnima
Nguyen, Phuong H.
Nutrient Adequacy Is Low among Both Self-Declared Lacto-Vegetarian and Non-Vegetarian Pregnant Women in Uttar Pradesh
title Nutrient Adequacy Is Low among Both Self-Declared Lacto-Vegetarian and Non-Vegetarian Pregnant Women in Uttar Pradesh
title_full Nutrient Adequacy Is Low among Both Self-Declared Lacto-Vegetarian and Non-Vegetarian Pregnant Women in Uttar Pradesh
title_fullStr Nutrient Adequacy Is Low among Both Self-Declared Lacto-Vegetarian and Non-Vegetarian Pregnant Women in Uttar Pradesh
title_full_unstemmed Nutrient Adequacy Is Low among Both Self-Declared Lacto-Vegetarian and Non-Vegetarian Pregnant Women in Uttar Pradesh
title_short Nutrient Adequacy Is Low among Both Self-Declared Lacto-Vegetarian and Non-Vegetarian Pregnant Women in Uttar Pradesh
title_sort nutrient adequacy is low among both self-declared lacto-vegetarian and non-vegetarian pregnant women in uttar pradesh
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7400876/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32708996
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12072126
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