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Selenium Deficiency Is Associated with Mortality Risk from COVID-19

SARS-CoV-2 infections underlie the current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and are causative for a high death toll particularly among elderly subjects and those with comorbidities. Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element of high importance for human health and particularly for a well-bal...

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Autores principales: Moghaddam, Arash, Heller, Raban Arved, Sun, Qian, Seelig, Julian, Cherkezov, Asan, Seibert, Linda, Hackler, Julian, Seemann, Petra, Diegmann, Joachim, Pilz, Maximilian, Bachmann, Manuel, Minich, Waldemar B., Schomburg, Lutz
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7400921/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32708526
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12072098
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author Moghaddam, Arash
Heller, Raban Arved
Sun, Qian
Seelig, Julian
Cherkezov, Asan
Seibert, Linda
Hackler, Julian
Seemann, Petra
Diegmann, Joachim
Pilz, Maximilian
Bachmann, Manuel
Minich, Waldemar B.
Schomburg, Lutz
author_facet Moghaddam, Arash
Heller, Raban Arved
Sun, Qian
Seelig, Julian
Cherkezov, Asan
Seibert, Linda
Hackler, Julian
Seemann, Petra
Diegmann, Joachim
Pilz, Maximilian
Bachmann, Manuel
Minich, Waldemar B.
Schomburg, Lutz
author_sort Moghaddam, Arash
collection PubMed
description SARS-CoV-2 infections underlie the current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and are causative for a high death toll particularly among elderly subjects and those with comorbidities. Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element of high importance for human health and particularly for a well-balanced immune response. The mortality risk from a severe disease like sepsis or polytrauma is inversely related to Se status. We hypothesized that this relation also applies to COVID-19. Serum samples (n = 166) from COVID-19 patients (n = 33) were collected consecutively and analyzed for total Se by X-ray fluorescence and selenoprotein P (SELENOP) by a validated ELISA. Both biomarkers showed the expected strong correlation (r = 0.7758, p < 0.001), pointing to an insufficient Se availability for optimal selenoprotein expression. In comparison with reference data from a European cross-sectional analysis (EPIC, n = 1915), the patients showed a pronounced deficit in total serum Se (mean ± SD, 50.8 ± 15.7 vs. 84.4 ± 23.4 µg/L) and SELENOP (3.0 ± 1.4 vs. 4.3 ± 1.0 mg/L) concentrations. A Se status below the 2.5th percentile of the reference population, i.e., [Se] < 45.7 µg/L and [SELENOP] < 2.56 mg/L, was present in 43.4% and 39.2% of COVID samples, respectively. The Se status was significantly higher in samples from surviving COVID patients as compared with non-survivors (Se; 53.3 ± 16.2 vs. 40.8 ± 8.1 µg/L, SELENOP; 3.3 ± 1.3 vs. 2.1 ± 0.9 mg/L), recovering with time in survivors while remaining low or even declining in non-survivors. We conclude that Se status analysis in COVID patients provides diagnostic information. However, causality remains unknown due to the observational nature of this study. Nevertheless, the findings strengthen the notion of a relevant role of Se for COVID convalescence and support the discussion on adjuvant Se supplementation in severely diseased and Se-deficient patients.
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spelling pubmed-74009212020-08-07 Selenium Deficiency Is Associated with Mortality Risk from COVID-19 Moghaddam, Arash Heller, Raban Arved Sun, Qian Seelig, Julian Cherkezov, Asan Seibert, Linda Hackler, Julian Seemann, Petra Diegmann, Joachim Pilz, Maximilian Bachmann, Manuel Minich, Waldemar B. Schomburg, Lutz Nutrients Article SARS-CoV-2 infections underlie the current coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and are causative for a high death toll particularly among elderly subjects and those with comorbidities. Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element of high importance for human health and particularly for a well-balanced immune response. The mortality risk from a severe disease like sepsis or polytrauma is inversely related to Se status. We hypothesized that this relation also applies to COVID-19. Serum samples (n = 166) from COVID-19 patients (n = 33) were collected consecutively and analyzed for total Se by X-ray fluorescence and selenoprotein P (SELENOP) by a validated ELISA. Both biomarkers showed the expected strong correlation (r = 0.7758, p < 0.001), pointing to an insufficient Se availability for optimal selenoprotein expression. In comparison with reference data from a European cross-sectional analysis (EPIC, n = 1915), the patients showed a pronounced deficit in total serum Se (mean ± SD, 50.8 ± 15.7 vs. 84.4 ± 23.4 µg/L) and SELENOP (3.0 ± 1.4 vs. 4.3 ± 1.0 mg/L) concentrations. A Se status below the 2.5th percentile of the reference population, i.e., [Se] < 45.7 µg/L and [SELENOP] < 2.56 mg/L, was present in 43.4% and 39.2% of COVID samples, respectively. The Se status was significantly higher in samples from surviving COVID patients as compared with non-survivors (Se; 53.3 ± 16.2 vs. 40.8 ± 8.1 µg/L, SELENOP; 3.3 ± 1.3 vs. 2.1 ± 0.9 mg/L), recovering with time in survivors while remaining low or even declining in non-survivors. We conclude that Se status analysis in COVID patients provides diagnostic information. However, causality remains unknown due to the observational nature of this study. Nevertheless, the findings strengthen the notion of a relevant role of Se for COVID convalescence and support the discussion on adjuvant Se supplementation in severely diseased and Se-deficient patients. MDPI 2020-07-16 /pmc/articles/PMC7400921/ /pubmed/32708526 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12072098 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Moghaddam, Arash
Heller, Raban Arved
Sun, Qian
Seelig, Julian
Cherkezov, Asan
Seibert, Linda
Hackler, Julian
Seemann, Petra
Diegmann, Joachim
Pilz, Maximilian
Bachmann, Manuel
Minich, Waldemar B.
Schomburg, Lutz
Selenium Deficiency Is Associated with Mortality Risk from COVID-19
title Selenium Deficiency Is Associated with Mortality Risk from COVID-19
title_full Selenium Deficiency Is Associated with Mortality Risk from COVID-19
title_fullStr Selenium Deficiency Is Associated with Mortality Risk from COVID-19
title_full_unstemmed Selenium Deficiency Is Associated with Mortality Risk from COVID-19
title_short Selenium Deficiency Is Associated with Mortality Risk from COVID-19
title_sort selenium deficiency is associated with mortality risk from covid-19
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7400921/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32708526
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12072098
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