Cargando…

Radiation-induced bystander and abscopal effects: important lessons from preclinical models

Radiotherapy is a pivotal component in the curative treatment of patients with localised cancer and isolated metastasis, as well as being used as a palliative strategy for patients with disseminated disease. The clinical efficacy of radiotherapy has traditionally been attributed to the local effects...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Daguenet, Elisabeth, Louati, Safa, Wozny, Anne-Sophie, Vial, Nicolas, Gras, Mathilde, Guy, Jean-Baptiste, Vallard, Alexis, Rodriguez-Lafrasse, Claire, Magné, Nicolas
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group UK 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7403362/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32581341
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41416-020-0942-3
_version_ 1783566926423785472
author Daguenet, Elisabeth
Louati, Safa
Wozny, Anne-Sophie
Vial, Nicolas
Gras, Mathilde
Guy, Jean-Baptiste
Vallard, Alexis
Rodriguez-Lafrasse, Claire
Magné, Nicolas
author_facet Daguenet, Elisabeth
Louati, Safa
Wozny, Anne-Sophie
Vial, Nicolas
Gras, Mathilde
Guy, Jean-Baptiste
Vallard, Alexis
Rodriguez-Lafrasse, Claire
Magné, Nicolas
author_sort Daguenet, Elisabeth
collection PubMed
description Radiotherapy is a pivotal component in the curative treatment of patients with localised cancer and isolated metastasis, as well as being used as a palliative strategy for patients with disseminated disease. The clinical efficacy of radiotherapy has traditionally been attributed to the local effects of ionising radiation, which induces cell death by directly and indirectly inducing DNA damage, but substantial work has uncovered an unexpected and dual relationship between tumour irradiation and the host immune system. In clinical practice, it is, therefore, tempting to tailor immunotherapies with radiotherapy in order to synergise innate and adaptive immunity against cancer cells, as well as to bypass immune tolerance and exhaustion, with the aim of facilitating tumour regression. However, our understanding of how radiation impacts on immune system activation is still in its early stages, and concerns and challenges regarding therapeutic applications still need to be overcome. With the increasing use of immunotherapy and its common combination with ionising radiation, this review briefly delineates current knowledge about the non-targeted effects of radiotherapy, and aims to provide insights, at the preclinical level, into the mechanisms that are involved with the potential to yield clinically relevant combinatorial approaches of radiotherapy and immunotherapy.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7403362
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2020
publisher Nature Publishing Group UK
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-74033622021-06-25 Radiation-induced bystander and abscopal effects: important lessons from preclinical models Daguenet, Elisabeth Louati, Safa Wozny, Anne-Sophie Vial, Nicolas Gras, Mathilde Guy, Jean-Baptiste Vallard, Alexis Rodriguez-Lafrasse, Claire Magné, Nicolas Br J Cancer Review Article Radiotherapy is a pivotal component in the curative treatment of patients with localised cancer and isolated metastasis, as well as being used as a palliative strategy for patients with disseminated disease. The clinical efficacy of radiotherapy has traditionally been attributed to the local effects of ionising radiation, which induces cell death by directly and indirectly inducing DNA damage, but substantial work has uncovered an unexpected and dual relationship between tumour irradiation and the host immune system. In clinical practice, it is, therefore, tempting to tailor immunotherapies with radiotherapy in order to synergise innate and adaptive immunity against cancer cells, as well as to bypass immune tolerance and exhaustion, with the aim of facilitating tumour regression. However, our understanding of how radiation impacts on immune system activation is still in its early stages, and concerns and challenges regarding therapeutic applications still need to be overcome. With the increasing use of immunotherapy and its common combination with ionising radiation, this review briefly delineates current knowledge about the non-targeted effects of radiotherapy, and aims to provide insights, at the preclinical level, into the mechanisms that are involved with the potential to yield clinically relevant combinatorial approaches of radiotherapy and immunotherapy. Nature Publishing Group UK 2020-06-25 2020-08-04 /pmc/articles/PMC7403362/ /pubmed/32581341 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41416-020-0942-3 Text en © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Cancer Research UK 2020 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Note This work is published under the standard license to publish agreement. After 12 months the work will become freely available and the license terms will switch to a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
spellingShingle Review Article
Daguenet, Elisabeth
Louati, Safa
Wozny, Anne-Sophie
Vial, Nicolas
Gras, Mathilde
Guy, Jean-Baptiste
Vallard, Alexis
Rodriguez-Lafrasse, Claire
Magné, Nicolas
Radiation-induced bystander and abscopal effects: important lessons from preclinical models
title Radiation-induced bystander and abscopal effects: important lessons from preclinical models
title_full Radiation-induced bystander and abscopal effects: important lessons from preclinical models
title_fullStr Radiation-induced bystander and abscopal effects: important lessons from preclinical models
title_full_unstemmed Radiation-induced bystander and abscopal effects: important lessons from preclinical models
title_short Radiation-induced bystander and abscopal effects: important lessons from preclinical models
title_sort radiation-induced bystander and abscopal effects: important lessons from preclinical models
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7403362/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32581341
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41416-020-0942-3
work_keys_str_mv AT daguenetelisabeth radiationinducedbystanderandabscopaleffectsimportantlessonsfrompreclinicalmodels
AT louatisafa radiationinducedbystanderandabscopaleffectsimportantlessonsfrompreclinicalmodels
AT woznyannesophie radiationinducedbystanderandabscopaleffectsimportantlessonsfrompreclinicalmodels
AT vialnicolas radiationinducedbystanderandabscopaleffectsimportantlessonsfrompreclinicalmodels
AT grasmathilde radiationinducedbystanderandabscopaleffectsimportantlessonsfrompreclinicalmodels
AT guyjeanbaptiste radiationinducedbystanderandabscopaleffectsimportantlessonsfrompreclinicalmodels
AT vallardalexis radiationinducedbystanderandabscopaleffectsimportantlessonsfrompreclinicalmodels
AT rodriguezlafrasseclaire radiationinducedbystanderandabscopaleffectsimportantlessonsfrompreclinicalmodels
AT magnenicolas radiationinducedbystanderandabscopaleffectsimportantlessonsfrompreclinicalmodels