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Measuring Surface and Interfacial Tension In Situ in Microdripping Mode for Electrohydrodynamic Applications

Walking on water is made possible, at least for tiny insects, by molecular interaction at the interfaces of dissimilar materials. Impact of these interactions—surface tension (SFT) and, more broadly, interfacial tension (IFT)—is particularly evident at micro and nano sizescales. Thus, implications o...

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Autores principales: Budhwani, Karim I., Pekmezi, Gerald M., Selim, Mohamed M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7408038/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32708571
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11070687
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author Budhwani, Karim I.
Pekmezi, Gerald M.
Selim, Mohamed M.
author_facet Budhwani, Karim I.
Pekmezi, Gerald M.
Selim, Mohamed M.
author_sort Budhwani, Karim I.
collection PubMed
description Walking on water is made possible, at least for tiny insects, by molecular interaction at the interfaces of dissimilar materials. Impact of these interactions—surface tension (SFT) and, more broadly, interfacial tension (IFT)—is particularly evident at micro and nano sizescales. Thus, implications of walking on water can be significant for SFT or IFT (S/IFT)-driven nanofabrication technologies, such as electrohydrodynamic atomization (EHDA), in developing next generation biomimetic microphysiological systems (MPS) and drug delivery systems (DDS). However, current methods for estimating S/IFT, based on sessile drops or new surface formation on a ring or plate, are unsuitable for integration with EHDA assemblies used in electrospinning and electrospraying. Here, we show an in situ method for estimating S/IFT specifically devised for EHDA applications using signal processing algorithms that correlate the frequency and periodicity of liquid dispensed in EHDA microdripping mode with numerical solutions from computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Estimated S/IFT was generally in agreement with published ranges for water–air, 70% ethanol–air, chloroform–air, and chloroform–water. SFT for solutions with surfactants decreased with increasing concentrations of surfactant, but at relatively higher than published values. This was anticipated, considering that established methods measure SFT at boundaries with asymmetrically high concentrations of surfactants which lower SFT.
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spelling pubmed-74080382020-08-12 Measuring Surface and Interfacial Tension In Situ in Microdripping Mode for Electrohydrodynamic Applications Budhwani, Karim I. Pekmezi, Gerald M. Selim, Mohamed M. Micromachines (Basel) Article Walking on water is made possible, at least for tiny insects, by molecular interaction at the interfaces of dissimilar materials. Impact of these interactions—surface tension (SFT) and, more broadly, interfacial tension (IFT)—is particularly evident at micro and nano sizescales. Thus, implications of walking on water can be significant for SFT or IFT (S/IFT)-driven nanofabrication technologies, such as electrohydrodynamic atomization (EHDA), in developing next generation biomimetic microphysiological systems (MPS) and drug delivery systems (DDS). However, current methods for estimating S/IFT, based on sessile drops or new surface formation on a ring or plate, are unsuitable for integration with EHDA assemblies used in electrospinning and electrospraying. Here, we show an in situ method for estimating S/IFT specifically devised for EHDA applications using signal processing algorithms that correlate the frequency and periodicity of liquid dispensed in EHDA microdripping mode with numerical solutions from computational fluid dynamics (CFD). Estimated S/IFT was generally in agreement with published ranges for water–air, 70% ethanol–air, chloroform–air, and chloroform–water. SFT for solutions with surfactants decreased with increasing concentrations of surfactant, but at relatively higher than published values. This was anticipated, considering that established methods measure SFT at boundaries with asymmetrically high concentrations of surfactants which lower SFT. MDPI 2020-07-16 /pmc/articles/PMC7408038/ /pubmed/32708571 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11070687 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Budhwani, Karim I.
Pekmezi, Gerald M.
Selim, Mohamed M.
Measuring Surface and Interfacial Tension In Situ in Microdripping Mode for Electrohydrodynamic Applications
title Measuring Surface and Interfacial Tension In Situ in Microdripping Mode for Electrohydrodynamic Applications
title_full Measuring Surface and Interfacial Tension In Situ in Microdripping Mode for Electrohydrodynamic Applications
title_fullStr Measuring Surface and Interfacial Tension In Situ in Microdripping Mode for Electrohydrodynamic Applications
title_full_unstemmed Measuring Surface and Interfacial Tension In Situ in Microdripping Mode for Electrohydrodynamic Applications
title_short Measuring Surface and Interfacial Tension In Situ in Microdripping Mode for Electrohydrodynamic Applications
title_sort measuring surface and interfacial tension in situ in microdripping mode for electrohydrodynamic applications
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7408038/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32708571
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11070687
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