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Application of Plasma Activation in Flame-Retardant Treatment for Cotton Fabric

Cotton fabric treated by Pyrovatex CP New (PCN) and Knittex FFRC (K-FFRC) using the Pad-dry-cure method showed an excellent fire-retardant effect. However, it needed to be cured at high temperatures for a long time leading to a high loss of mechanical strength. In this study, atmospheric-pressure di...

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Autores principales: Nguyen Thi, Huong, Vu Thi Hong, Khanh, Ngo Ha, Thanh, Phan, Duy-Nam
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7408165/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32708532
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12071575
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author Nguyen Thi, Huong
Vu Thi Hong, Khanh
Ngo Ha, Thanh
Phan, Duy-Nam
author_facet Nguyen Thi, Huong
Vu Thi Hong, Khanh
Ngo Ha, Thanh
Phan, Duy-Nam
author_sort Nguyen Thi, Huong
collection PubMed
description Cotton fabric treated by Pyrovatex CP New (PCN) and Knittex FFRC (K-FFRC) using the Pad-dry-cure method showed an excellent fire-retardant effect. However, it needed to be cured at high temperatures for a long time leading to a high loss of mechanical strength. In this study, atmospheric-pressure dielectric barrier discharge (APDBD) plasma was applied to the cotton fabric, which then was treated by flame retardants (FRs) using the pad–dry-cure method. The purpose was to have a flame-retardant cotton fabric (limiting oxygen index (LOI) ≥ 25) and a mechanical loss of the treated fabric due to the curing step as low as possible. To achieve this goal, 10 experiments were performed. The vertical flammability characteristics, LOI value and tensile strength of the treated fabrics were measured. A response model between the LOI values of the treated fabric and two studied variables (temperature and time of the curing step) was found. It was predicted that the optimal temperature and time-to-cure to achieve LOI of 25 was at 160 °C for 90 s, while the flame-retardant treatment process without plasma pretreatment, was at 180 °C and 114 s. Although the curing temperature and the time have decreased significantly, the loss of mechanical strength of the treated fabric is still high. The tensile strength and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the fabric after plasma activation show that the plasma treatment itself also damages the mechanical strength of the fabric. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra of the fabric after plasma activation and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis of the flame retardant-treated (FRT) fabric clarified the role of plasma activation in this study.
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spelling pubmed-74081652020-08-25 Application of Plasma Activation in Flame-Retardant Treatment for Cotton Fabric Nguyen Thi, Huong Vu Thi Hong, Khanh Ngo Ha, Thanh Phan, Duy-Nam Polymers (Basel) Article Cotton fabric treated by Pyrovatex CP New (PCN) and Knittex FFRC (K-FFRC) using the Pad-dry-cure method showed an excellent fire-retardant effect. However, it needed to be cured at high temperatures for a long time leading to a high loss of mechanical strength. In this study, atmospheric-pressure dielectric barrier discharge (APDBD) plasma was applied to the cotton fabric, which then was treated by flame retardants (FRs) using the pad–dry-cure method. The purpose was to have a flame-retardant cotton fabric (limiting oxygen index (LOI) ≥ 25) and a mechanical loss of the treated fabric due to the curing step as low as possible. To achieve this goal, 10 experiments were performed. The vertical flammability characteristics, LOI value and tensile strength of the treated fabrics were measured. A response model between the LOI values of the treated fabric and two studied variables (temperature and time of the curing step) was found. It was predicted that the optimal temperature and time-to-cure to achieve LOI of 25 was at 160 °C for 90 s, while the flame-retardant treatment process without plasma pretreatment, was at 180 °C and 114 s. Although the curing temperature and the time have decreased significantly, the loss of mechanical strength of the treated fabric is still high. The tensile strength and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the fabric after plasma activation show that the plasma treatment itself also damages the mechanical strength of the fabric. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra of the fabric after plasma activation and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) analysis of the flame retardant-treated (FRT) fabric clarified the role of plasma activation in this study. MDPI 2020-07-16 /pmc/articles/PMC7408165/ /pubmed/32708532 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12071575 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Nguyen Thi, Huong
Vu Thi Hong, Khanh
Ngo Ha, Thanh
Phan, Duy-Nam
Application of Plasma Activation in Flame-Retardant Treatment for Cotton Fabric
title Application of Plasma Activation in Flame-Retardant Treatment for Cotton Fabric
title_full Application of Plasma Activation in Flame-Retardant Treatment for Cotton Fabric
title_fullStr Application of Plasma Activation in Flame-Retardant Treatment for Cotton Fabric
title_full_unstemmed Application of Plasma Activation in Flame-Retardant Treatment for Cotton Fabric
title_short Application of Plasma Activation in Flame-Retardant Treatment for Cotton Fabric
title_sort application of plasma activation in flame-retardant treatment for cotton fabric
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7408165/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32708532
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12071575
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