Cargando…

Does ADHD Symptomatology Influence Treatment Outcome and Dropout Risk in Eating Disorders? A longitudinal Study

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and its symptoms have been shown to be present in patients with eating disorders (EDs) and are associated with increased psychopathology and more dysfunctional personality traits. This study aimed to assess if the presence of ADHD symptoms in patients...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Testa, Giulia, Baenas, Isabel, Vintró-Alcaraz, Cristina, Granero, Roser, Agüera, Zaida, Sánchez, Isabel, Riesco, Nadine, Jiménez-Murcia, Susana, Fernández-Aranda, Fernando
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7408799/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32698514
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9072305
_version_ 1783567915723784192
author Testa, Giulia
Baenas, Isabel
Vintró-Alcaraz, Cristina
Granero, Roser
Agüera, Zaida
Sánchez, Isabel
Riesco, Nadine
Jiménez-Murcia, Susana
Fernández-Aranda, Fernando
author_facet Testa, Giulia
Baenas, Isabel
Vintró-Alcaraz, Cristina
Granero, Roser
Agüera, Zaida
Sánchez, Isabel
Riesco, Nadine
Jiménez-Murcia, Susana
Fernández-Aranda, Fernando
author_sort Testa, Giulia
collection PubMed
description Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and its symptoms have been shown to be present in patients with eating disorders (EDs) and are associated with increased psychopathology and more dysfunctional personality traits. This study aimed to assess if the presence of ADHD symptoms in patients with EDs affects their short and long-term therapy outcome. A total of 136 consecutively treated ED patients were considered in this study. Baseline pre-treatment evaluation included the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS v1.1) for ADHD symptoms and the assessment of eating symptomatology using the Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI-2). Treatment outcome was evaluated in terms of ED symptoms after cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and dropout rate during treatment. Furthermore, we evaluated ED symptoms in treatment completers after a follow-up of 8 years on average. Path analyses assessed the potential mediational role of the EDI-2 total score in the relationship between ADHD and treatment outcome. Results showed that baseline symptoms of ADHD indirectly affected treatment outcome after CBT; the ASRS positive screening was related to higher eating symptomatology (standardized coefficient B = 0.41, p = 0.001, 95% CI: 0.26 to 0.55), and the presence of high ED levels contributed to the increase of dropout (B = 0.15, p = 0.041, 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.33) and a worse treatment outcome (B = 0.18, p = 0.041, 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.35). No direct effect was found between the ASRS positive screening with the risk of dropout (B = −0.08, p = 0.375) and worse treatment outcome (B = −0.07, p = 0.414). These results suggest the relevance of identifying specific treatment approaches for patients with ADHD symptoms and severe eating symptomatology.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-7408799
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2020
publisher MDPI
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-74087992020-08-13 Does ADHD Symptomatology Influence Treatment Outcome and Dropout Risk in Eating Disorders? A longitudinal Study Testa, Giulia Baenas, Isabel Vintró-Alcaraz, Cristina Granero, Roser Agüera, Zaida Sánchez, Isabel Riesco, Nadine Jiménez-Murcia, Susana Fernández-Aranda, Fernando J Clin Med Article Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and its symptoms have been shown to be present in patients with eating disorders (EDs) and are associated with increased psychopathology and more dysfunctional personality traits. This study aimed to assess if the presence of ADHD symptoms in patients with EDs affects their short and long-term therapy outcome. A total of 136 consecutively treated ED patients were considered in this study. Baseline pre-treatment evaluation included the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS v1.1) for ADHD symptoms and the assessment of eating symptomatology using the Eating Disorders Inventory (EDI-2). Treatment outcome was evaluated in terms of ED symptoms after cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and dropout rate during treatment. Furthermore, we evaluated ED symptoms in treatment completers after a follow-up of 8 years on average. Path analyses assessed the potential mediational role of the EDI-2 total score in the relationship between ADHD and treatment outcome. Results showed that baseline symptoms of ADHD indirectly affected treatment outcome after CBT; the ASRS positive screening was related to higher eating symptomatology (standardized coefficient B = 0.41, p = 0.001, 95% CI: 0.26 to 0.55), and the presence of high ED levels contributed to the increase of dropout (B = 0.15, p = 0.041, 95% CI: 0.03 to 0.33) and a worse treatment outcome (B = 0.18, p = 0.041, 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.35). No direct effect was found between the ASRS positive screening with the risk of dropout (B = −0.08, p = 0.375) and worse treatment outcome (B = −0.07, p = 0.414). These results suggest the relevance of identifying specific treatment approaches for patients with ADHD symptoms and severe eating symptomatology. MDPI 2020-07-20 /pmc/articles/PMC7408799/ /pubmed/32698514 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9072305 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Testa, Giulia
Baenas, Isabel
Vintró-Alcaraz, Cristina
Granero, Roser
Agüera, Zaida
Sánchez, Isabel
Riesco, Nadine
Jiménez-Murcia, Susana
Fernández-Aranda, Fernando
Does ADHD Symptomatology Influence Treatment Outcome and Dropout Risk in Eating Disorders? A longitudinal Study
title Does ADHD Symptomatology Influence Treatment Outcome and Dropout Risk in Eating Disorders? A longitudinal Study
title_full Does ADHD Symptomatology Influence Treatment Outcome and Dropout Risk in Eating Disorders? A longitudinal Study
title_fullStr Does ADHD Symptomatology Influence Treatment Outcome and Dropout Risk in Eating Disorders? A longitudinal Study
title_full_unstemmed Does ADHD Symptomatology Influence Treatment Outcome and Dropout Risk in Eating Disorders? A longitudinal Study
title_short Does ADHD Symptomatology Influence Treatment Outcome and Dropout Risk in Eating Disorders? A longitudinal Study
title_sort does adhd symptomatology influence treatment outcome and dropout risk in eating disorders? a longitudinal study
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7408799/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32698514
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9072305
work_keys_str_mv AT testagiulia doesadhdsymptomatologyinfluencetreatmentoutcomeanddropoutriskineatingdisordersalongitudinalstudy
AT baenasisabel doesadhdsymptomatologyinfluencetreatmentoutcomeanddropoutriskineatingdisordersalongitudinalstudy
AT vintroalcarazcristina doesadhdsymptomatologyinfluencetreatmentoutcomeanddropoutriskineatingdisordersalongitudinalstudy
AT graneroroser doesadhdsymptomatologyinfluencetreatmentoutcomeanddropoutriskineatingdisordersalongitudinalstudy
AT aguerazaida doesadhdsymptomatologyinfluencetreatmentoutcomeanddropoutriskineatingdisordersalongitudinalstudy
AT sanchezisabel doesadhdsymptomatologyinfluencetreatmentoutcomeanddropoutriskineatingdisordersalongitudinalstudy
AT riesconadine doesadhdsymptomatologyinfluencetreatmentoutcomeanddropoutriskineatingdisordersalongitudinalstudy
AT jimenezmurciasusana doesadhdsymptomatologyinfluencetreatmentoutcomeanddropoutriskineatingdisordersalongitudinalstudy
AT fernandezarandafernando doesadhdsymptomatologyinfluencetreatmentoutcomeanddropoutriskineatingdisordersalongitudinalstudy