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Neural differences between chromatic- and luminance-driven attentional salience in visual search

Previous electroencephalographic research on attentional salience did not fully capture the complexities of low-level vision, which relies on both cone-opponent chromatic and cone-additive luminance mechanisms. We systematically varied color and luminance contrast using a visual search task for a hi...

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Autores principales: Hardman, Amanda, Töllner, Thomas, Martinovic, Jasna
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7408945/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32196068
http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/jovi.20.3.5
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author Hardman, Amanda
Töllner, Thomas
Martinovic, Jasna
author_facet Hardman, Amanda
Töllner, Thomas
Martinovic, Jasna
author_sort Hardman, Amanda
collection PubMed
description Previous electroencephalographic research on attentional salience did not fully capture the complexities of low-level vision, which relies on both cone-opponent chromatic and cone-additive luminance mechanisms. We systematically varied color and luminance contrast using a visual search task for a higher contrast target to assess the degree to which the salience-computing attentional mechanisms are constrained by low-level visual inputs. In our first experiment, stimuli were defined by contrast that isolated chromatic or luminance mechanisms. In our second experiment, targets were defined by contrasts that isolated or combined achromatic and chromatic mechanisms. In both experiments, event-related potential waveforms contralateral and ipsilateral to the target were qualitatively different for chromatic- compared to luminance-defined stimuli. The same was true of the difference waves computed from these waveforms, with isoluminant stimuli eliciting a mid-latency posterior contralateral negativity (PCN) component and achromatic stimuli eliciting a complex of multiple components, including an early posterior contralateral positivity followed by a late-latency PCN. Combining color with luminance resulted in waveform and difference wave patterns equivalent to those of achromatic stimuli. When large levels of chromaticity contrast were added to targets with small levels of luminance contrast, PCN latency was speeded. In conclusion, the mechanisms underlying attentional salience are constrained by the low-level inputs they receive. Furthermore, speeded PCN latencies for stimuli that combine color and luminance signals compared to stimuli that contain luminance alone demonstrate that color and luminance channels are integrated during pre-attentive visual processing, before top-down allocation of attention is triggered.
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spelling pubmed-74089452020-08-19 Neural differences between chromatic- and luminance-driven attentional salience in visual search Hardman, Amanda Töllner, Thomas Martinovic, Jasna J Vis Article Previous electroencephalographic research on attentional salience did not fully capture the complexities of low-level vision, which relies on both cone-opponent chromatic and cone-additive luminance mechanisms. We systematically varied color and luminance contrast using a visual search task for a higher contrast target to assess the degree to which the salience-computing attentional mechanisms are constrained by low-level visual inputs. In our first experiment, stimuli were defined by contrast that isolated chromatic or luminance mechanisms. In our second experiment, targets were defined by contrasts that isolated or combined achromatic and chromatic mechanisms. In both experiments, event-related potential waveforms contralateral and ipsilateral to the target were qualitatively different for chromatic- compared to luminance-defined stimuli. The same was true of the difference waves computed from these waveforms, with isoluminant stimuli eliciting a mid-latency posterior contralateral negativity (PCN) component and achromatic stimuli eliciting a complex of multiple components, including an early posterior contralateral positivity followed by a late-latency PCN. Combining color with luminance resulted in waveform and difference wave patterns equivalent to those of achromatic stimuli. When large levels of chromaticity contrast were added to targets with small levels of luminance contrast, PCN latency was speeded. In conclusion, the mechanisms underlying attentional salience are constrained by the low-level inputs they receive. Furthermore, speeded PCN latencies for stimuli that combine color and luminance signals compared to stimuli that contain luminance alone demonstrate that color and luminance channels are integrated during pre-attentive visual processing, before top-down allocation of attention is triggered. The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology 2020-03-20 /pmc/articles/PMC7408945/ /pubmed/32196068 http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/jovi.20.3.5 Text en Copyright 2020 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
spellingShingle Article
Hardman, Amanda
Töllner, Thomas
Martinovic, Jasna
Neural differences between chromatic- and luminance-driven attentional salience in visual search
title Neural differences between chromatic- and luminance-driven attentional salience in visual search
title_full Neural differences between chromatic- and luminance-driven attentional salience in visual search
title_fullStr Neural differences between chromatic- and luminance-driven attentional salience in visual search
title_full_unstemmed Neural differences between chromatic- and luminance-driven attentional salience in visual search
title_short Neural differences between chromatic- and luminance-driven attentional salience in visual search
title_sort neural differences between chromatic- and luminance-driven attentional salience in visual search
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7408945/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32196068
http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/jovi.20.3.5
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