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Prevalence of gram negative bacteria causing community acquired pneumonia among adults in Mwanza City, Tanzania

BACKGROUND: Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults is still a common and serious illness in the sub-Saharan Africa. Identification of the pathogens is crucial in the management of CAP. This study was done to determine the common bacterial pathogens, treatment outcomes and associated factors fo...

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Autores principales: Kishimbo, Peter, Sogone, Nyambura Moremi, Kalokola, Fredrick, Mshana, Stephen E.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7409501/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32775174
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41479-020-00069-0
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author Kishimbo, Peter
Sogone, Nyambura Moremi
Kalokola, Fredrick
Mshana, Stephen E.
author_facet Kishimbo, Peter
Sogone, Nyambura Moremi
Kalokola, Fredrick
Mshana, Stephen E.
author_sort Kishimbo, Peter
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults is still a common and serious illness in the sub-Saharan Africa. Identification of the pathogens is crucial in the management of CAP. This study was done to determine the common bacterial pathogens, treatment outcomes and associated factors for microbiological confirmed CAP among adults attending the Bugando Medical Centre and Sekou Toure hospital in the city of Mwanza, Tanzania. METHODS: This was a hospital based cross sectional study involving patients with community acquired pneumonia attending Bugando Medical Centre and Sekou Toure regional Hospital. Demographic and other data were collected using standardized data collection tool. Sputum culture was done followed by identification of the isolates and antibiotics susceptibility testing. RESULTS: A total of 353 patients were enrolled in the study. Out of 353 sputum samples, 265(75%) were of good quality. Of 353 non-repetitive sputum cultures, 72/353 (20.4, 95% CI: 16.2–24.6) were positive for the bacterial pathogens with five patients having more than one pathogen. Good quality sputa had significantly higher yield of pathogenic bacteria than poor quality sputa (26.1% vs.3.4%, P = 0.001). The majority 64 (83.1%) of the isolates were gram negative bacteria. Common bacteria isolated were Klebsiella pneumoniae 23/77(29.9%), Streptococcus pyogenes 10/77 (13.0%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 9/77 (11.7%) and Escherichia coli 7/77 (9.1%). Of 23 K. pneumoniae isolates, 20/23 (87.0%) were resistant to ceftriaxone. Resistance to ceftriaxone was found to be associated with prolongation of CAP symptoms (p = 0.009). CONCLUSION: Gram negative bacteria resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and ceftriaxone were most frequently isolated bacteria among adults’ patients with CAP attending BMC and Sekou Toure hospital. Routine sputum culture should be performed to guide appropriate treatment of CAP among adults in developing countries.
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spelling pubmed-74095012020-08-07 Prevalence of gram negative bacteria causing community acquired pneumonia among adults in Mwanza City, Tanzania Kishimbo, Peter Sogone, Nyambura Moremi Kalokola, Fredrick Mshana, Stephen E. Pneumonia (Nathan) Research BACKGROUND: Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults is still a common and serious illness in the sub-Saharan Africa. Identification of the pathogens is crucial in the management of CAP. This study was done to determine the common bacterial pathogens, treatment outcomes and associated factors for microbiological confirmed CAP among adults attending the Bugando Medical Centre and Sekou Toure hospital in the city of Mwanza, Tanzania. METHODS: This was a hospital based cross sectional study involving patients with community acquired pneumonia attending Bugando Medical Centre and Sekou Toure regional Hospital. Demographic and other data were collected using standardized data collection tool. Sputum culture was done followed by identification of the isolates and antibiotics susceptibility testing. RESULTS: A total of 353 patients were enrolled in the study. Out of 353 sputum samples, 265(75%) were of good quality. Of 353 non-repetitive sputum cultures, 72/353 (20.4, 95% CI: 16.2–24.6) were positive for the bacterial pathogens with five patients having more than one pathogen. Good quality sputa had significantly higher yield of pathogenic bacteria than poor quality sputa (26.1% vs.3.4%, P = 0.001). The majority 64 (83.1%) of the isolates were gram negative bacteria. Common bacteria isolated were Klebsiella pneumoniae 23/77(29.9%), Streptococcus pyogenes 10/77 (13.0%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa 9/77 (11.7%) and Escherichia coli 7/77 (9.1%). Of 23 K. pneumoniae isolates, 20/23 (87.0%) were resistant to ceftriaxone. Resistance to ceftriaxone was found to be associated with prolongation of CAP symptoms (p = 0.009). CONCLUSION: Gram negative bacteria resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and ceftriaxone were most frequently isolated bacteria among adults’ patients with CAP attending BMC and Sekou Toure hospital. Routine sputum culture should be performed to guide appropriate treatment of CAP among adults in developing countries. BioMed Central 2020-08-05 /pmc/articles/PMC7409501/ /pubmed/32775174 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41479-020-00069-0 Text en © The Author(s) 2020 Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
spellingShingle Research
Kishimbo, Peter
Sogone, Nyambura Moremi
Kalokola, Fredrick
Mshana, Stephen E.
Prevalence of gram negative bacteria causing community acquired pneumonia among adults in Mwanza City, Tanzania
title Prevalence of gram negative bacteria causing community acquired pneumonia among adults in Mwanza City, Tanzania
title_full Prevalence of gram negative bacteria causing community acquired pneumonia among adults in Mwanza City, Tanzania
title_fullStr Prevalence of gram negative bacteria causing community acquired pneumonia among adults in Mwanza City, Tanzania
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence of gram negative bacteria causing community acquired pneumonia among adults in Mwanza City, Tanzania
title_short Prevalence of gram negative bacteria causing community acquired pneumonia among adults in Mwanza City, Tanzania
title_sort prevalence of gram negative bacteria causing community acquired pneumonia among adults in mwanza city, tanzania
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7409501/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32775174
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s41479-020-00069-0
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