Penetrating Colon Trauma Outcomes in Black and White Males

INTRODUCTION: Racial disparities have been both published and disputed in trauma patient mortality, outcomes, and rehabilitation. In this study, the objective was to assess racial disparities in patients with penetrating colon trauma. METHODS: The National Trauma Data Bank was searched for males aged ≥14 years from 2010 through 2014 who underwent operative intervention for penetrating colon trauma. The primary outcomes for this study were stoma formation and transfer to rehabilitation; secondary outcomes were postoperative morbidity and mortality. Analyses were performed in 2016–2018. RESULTS: There were 7,324 patients identified (4,916 black, 2,408 white). Black and white patients underwent fecal diversion with stoma formation at a similar rate (19.6% vs 18.5%, p=0.28). Black patients were more likely than white patients to be uninsured (self-pay; 37.1% vs 29.9%) and more likely to be injured by firearms (88.3% vs 70.2%, p<0.001), but had a lower overall postoperative morbidity rate (52.6% vs 55.3%, p=0.04). The odds of stoma formation (OR=0.92, 95% CI=0.78, 1.09, p=0.35) and the odds of transfer to rehabilitation (OR=1.03, 95% CI=0.82, 1.30, p=0.78) were similar for black versus white patients. CONCLUSIONS: Black patients experienced similar rates of stoma formation and transfer to rehabilitation as white patients with penetrating colon trauma. Multivariate analysis confirmed expected findings that trauma severity increased the odds of receiving an ostomy and rehabilitation placement. The protocol-based management approach to emergency trauma care potentially decreases the risk for the racial biases that could lead to healthcare disparities.