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Risk Factors for Malaria Infection and Seropositivity in the Elimination Area of Grand’Anse, Haiti: A Case–Control Study among Febrile Individuals Seeking Treatment at Public Health Facilities

The island of Hispaniola aims to eliminate malaria by 2025; however, there are limited data to describe epidemiologic risk factors for malaria in this setting. A prospective case–control study was conducted at four health facilities in southwest Haiti, aiming to describe factors influencing the risk...

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Autores principales: Ashton, Ruth A., Joseph, Vena, van den Hoogen, Lotus L., Tetteh, Kevin K. A., Stresman, Gillian, Worges, Matt, Druetz, Thomas, Chang, Michelle A., Rogier, Eric, Lemoine, Jean Frantz, Drakeley, Chris, Eisele, Thomas P.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7410432/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32458784
http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.20-0097
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author Ashton, Ruth A.
Joseph, Vena
van den Hoogen, Lotus L.
Tetteh, Kevin K. A.
Stresman, Gillian
Worges, Matt
Druetz, Thomas
Chang, Michelle A.
Rogier, Eric
Lemoine, Jean Frantz
Drakeley, Chris
Eisele, Thomas P.
author_facet Ashton, Ruth A.
Joseph, Vena
van den Hoogen, Lotus L.
Tetteh, Kevin K. A.
Stresman, Gillian
Worges, Matt
Druetz, Thomas
Chang, Michelle A.
Rogier, Eric
Lemoine, Jean Frantz
Drakeley, Chris
Eisele, Thomas P.
author_sort Ashton, Ruth A.
collection PubMed
description The island of Hispaniola aims to eliminate malaria by 2025; however, there are limited data to describe epidemiologic risk factors for malaria in this setting. A prospective case–control study was conducted at four health facilities in southwest Haiti, aiming to describe factors influencing the risk of current and past malaria infection. Cases were defined as individuals attending facilities with current or recent fever and positive malaria rapid diagnostic test (RDT), while controls were those with current or recent fever and RDT negative. Serological markers of recent and cumulative exposure to Plasmodium were assessed using the multiplex bead assay from dried blood spots and used for alternate case definitions. Kuldorff’s spatial scan statistic was used to identify local clusters of infection or exposure. Logistic regression models were used to assess potential risk factors for RDT positivity and recent exposure markers, including age-group, gender, and recruiting health facility as group-matching variables. A total of 192 cases (RDT positive) and 915 controls (RDT negative) were recruited. Consistent spatial clusters were identified for all three infection and exposure metrics, indicating temporal stability of malaria transmission at these sites. Risk factors included remoteness from health facilities and household construction, furthermore, insecticide-treated net ownership or use was associated with reduced odds of RDT positivity. These findings indicate the malaria risk in Grand’Anse is driven primarily by location. Travel, occupation, and other behavioral factors were not associated with malaria. These data can support the National Malaria Program to refine and target their intervention approaches, and to move toward elimination.
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spelling pubmed-74104322020-08-07 Risk Factors for Malaria Infection and Seropositivity in the Elimination Area of Grand’Anse, Haiti: A Case–Control Study among Febrile Individuals Seeking Treatment at Public Health Facilities Ashton, Ruth A. Joseph, Vena van den Hoogen, Lotus L. Tetteh, Kevin K. A. Stresman, Gillian Worges, Matt Druetz, Thomas Chang, Michelle A. Rogier, Eric Lemoine, Jean Frantz Drakeley, Chris Eisele, Thomas P. Am J Trop Med Hyg Articles The island of Hispaniola aims to eliminate malaria by 2025; however, there are limited data to describe epidemiologic risk factors for malaria in this setting. A prospective case–control study was conducted at four health facilities in southwest Haiti, aiming to describe factors influencing the risk of current and past malaria infection. Cases were defined as individuals attending facilities with current or recent fever and positive malaria rapid diagnostic test (RDT), while controls were those with current or recent fever and RDT negative. Serological markers of recent and cumulative exposure to Plasmodium were assessed using the multiplex bead assay from dried blood spots and used for alternate case definitions. Kuldorff’s spatial scan statistic was used to identify local clusters of infection or exposure. Logistic regression models were used to assess potential risk factors for RDT positivity and recent exposure markers, including age-group, gender, and recruiting health facility as group-matching variables. A total of 192 cases (RDT positive) and 915 controls (RDT negative) were recruited. Consistent spatial clusters were identified for all three infection and exposure metrics, indicating temporal stability of malaria transmission at these sites. Risk factors included remoteness from health facilities and household construction, furthermore, insecticide-treated net ownership or use was associated with reduced odds of RDT positivity. These findings indicate the malaria risk in Grand’Anse is driven primarily by location. Travel, occupation, and other behavioral factors were not associated with malaria. These data can support the National Malaria Program to refine and target their intervention approaches, and to move toward elimination. The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 2020-08 2020-05-26 /pmc/articles/PMC7410432/ /pubmed/32458784 http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.20-0097 Text en © The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Articles
Ashton, Ruth A.
Joseph, Vena
van den Hoogen, Lotus L.
Tetteh, Kevin K. A.
Stresman, Gillian
Worges, Matt
Druetz, Thomas
Chang, Michelle A.
Rogier, Eric
Lemoine, Jean Frantz
Drakeley, Chris
Eisele, Thomas P.
Risk Factors for Malaria Infection and Seropositivity in the Elimination Area of Grand’Anse, Haiti: A Case–Control Study among Febrile Individuals Seeking Treatment at Public Health Facilities
title Risk Factors for Malaria Infection and Seropositivity in the Elimination Area of Grand’Anse, Haiti: A Case–Control Study among Febrile Individuals Seeking Treatment at Public Health Facilities
title_full Risk Factors for Malaria Infection and Seropositivity in the Elimination Area of Grand’Anse, Haiti: A Case–Control Study among Febrile Individuals Seeking Treatment at Public Health Facilities
title_fullStr Risk Factors for Malaria Infection and Seropositivity in the Elimination Area of Grand’Anse, Haiti: A Case–Control Study among Febrile Individuals Seeking Treatment at Public Health Facilities
title_full_unstemmed Risk Factors for Malaria Infection and Seropositivity in the Elimination Area of Grand’Anse, Haiti: A Case–Control Study among Febrile Individuals Seeking Treatment at Public Health Facilities
title_short Risk Factors for Malaria Infection and Seropositivity in the Elimination Area of Grand’Anse, Haiti: A Case–Control Study among Febrile Individuals Seeking Treatment at Public Health Facilities
title_sort risk factors for malaria infection and seropositivity in the elimination area of grand’anse, haiti: a case–control study among febrile individuals seeking treatment at public health facilities
topic Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7410432/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32458784
http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.20-0097
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