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Russeting in ‘Apple’ Mango: Triggers and Mechanisms

Russeting is an important surface disorder of many fruitcrop species. The mango cultivar ‘Apple’ is especially susceptible to russeting. Russeting compromises both fruit appearance and postharvest performance. The objective was to identify factors, mechanisms, and consequences of russeting in ‘Apple...

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Autores principales: Athoo, Thomas O., Winkler, Andreas, Knoche, Moritz
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7411629/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32708628
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9070898
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author Athoo, Thomas O.
Winkler, Andreas
Knoche, Moritz
author_facet Athoo, Thomas O.
Winkler, Andreas
Knoche, Moritz
author_sort Athoo, Thomas O.
collection PubMed
description Russeting is an important surface disorder of many fruitcrop species. The mango cultivar ‘Apple’ is especially susceptible to russeting. Russeting compromises both fruit appearance and postharvest performance. The objective was to identify factors, mechanisms, and consequences of russeting in ‘Apple’ mango. Russeting was quantified on excised peels using image analysis and a categorical rating scheme. Water vapour loss was determined gravimetrically. The percentage of the skin area exhibiting russet increased during development. Russet began at lenticels then spread across the surface, ultimately forming a network of rough, brown patches over the skin. Cross-sections revealed stacks of phellem cells, typical of a periderm. Russet was more severe on the dorsal surface of the fruit than on the ventral and more for fruit in the upper part of the canopy than in the lower. Russet differed markedly across orchards sites of different climates. Russet was positively correlated with altitude, the number of rainy days, and the number of cold nights but negatively correlated with minimum, maximum, and mean daily temperatures, dew point temperature, and heat sum. Russeted fruit had higher transpiration rates than non-russeted fruits and higher skin permeance to water vapour. Russet in ‘Apple’ mango is due to periderm formation that is initiated at lenticels. Growing conditions conducive for surface wetness exacerbate russeting.
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spelling pubmed-74116292020-08-17 Russeting in ‘Apple’ Mango: Triggers and Mechanisms Athoo, Thomas O. Winkler, Andreas Knoche, Moritz Plants (Basel) Article Russeting is an important surface disorder of many fruitcrop species. The mango cultivar ‘Apple’ is especially susceptible to russeting. Russeting compromises both fruit appearance and postharvest performance. The objective was to identify factors, mechanisms, and consequences of russeting in ‘Apple’ mango. Russeting was quantified on excised peels using image analysis and a categorical rating scheme. Water vapour loss was determined gravimetrically. The percentage of the skin area exhibiting russet increased during development. Russet began at lenticels then spread across the surface, ultimately forming a network of rough, brown patches over the skin. Cross-sections revealed stacks of phellem cells, typical of a periderm. Russet was more severe on the dorsal surface of the fruit than on the ventral and more for fruit in the upper part of the canopy than in the lower. Russet differed markedly across orchards sites of different climates. Russet was positively correlated with altitude, the number of rainy days, and the number of cold nights but negatively correlated with minimum, maximum, and mean daily temperatures, dew point temperature, and heat sum. Russeted fruit had higher transpiration rates than non-russeted fruits and higher skin permeance to water vapour. Russet in ‘Apple’ mango is due to periderm formation that is initiated at lenticels. Growing conditions conducive for surface wetness exacerbate russeting. MDPI 2020-07-16 /pmc/articles/PMC7411629/ /pubmed/32708628 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9070898 Text en © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Athoo, Thomas O.
Winkler, Andreas
Knoche, Moritz
Russeting in ‘Apple’ Mango: Triggers and Mechanisms
title Russeting in ‘Apple’ Mango: Triggers and Mechanisms
title_full Russeting in ‘Apple’ Mango: Triggers and Mechanisms
title_fullStr Russeting in ‘Apple’ Mango: Triggers and Mechanisms
title_full_unstemmed Russeting in ‘Apple’ Mango: Triggers and Mechanisms
title_short Russeting in ‘Apple’ Mango: Triggers and Mechanisms
title_sort russeting in ‘apple’ mango: triggers and mechanisms
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7411629/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32708628
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9070898
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