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Current progress and prospect of immune checkpoint inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma

In recent years, the incidence of liver cancer has increased and is currently the sixth most common tumor and the second leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Most cases of liver cancer are hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Surgery, including liver transplantation or resection, and r...

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Autores principales: Zeng, Zhu, Yang, Biao, Liao, Zheng-Yin
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: D.A. Spandidos 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7412709/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32802167
http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.11909
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author Zeng, Zhu
Yang, Biao
Liao, Zheng-Yin
author_facet Zeng, Zhu
Yang, Biao
Liao, Zheng-Yin
author_sort Zeng, Zhu
collection PubMed
description In recent years, the incidence of liver cancer has increased and is currently the sixth most common tumor and the second leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Most cases of liver cancer are hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Surgery, including liver transplantation or resection, and radiofrequency ablation therapies are all considered to be the curative treatment options for early-stage HCC. However, most patients have advanced HCC at the time of diagnosis, contributing to a poor prognosis. Therefore, improved treatment for late-stage HCC is needed. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), among which programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1)/PD-ligand 1 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 are the representative immunological checkpoints, have shown great promise and progress for HCC treatment. The present review summarizes recent studies that have focused on ICIs and discusses the present limitations affecting the development of new therapeutic strategies.
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spelling pubmed-74127092020-08-14 Current progress and prospect of immune checkpoint inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma Zeng, Zhu Yang, Biao Liao, Zheng-Yin Oncol Lett Review In recent years, the incidence of liver cancer has increased and is currently the sixth most common tumor and the second leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Most cases of liver cancer are hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Surgery, including liver transplantation or resection, and radiofrequency ablation therapies are all considered to be the curative treatment options for early-stage HCC. However, most patients have advanced HCC at the time of diagnosis, contributing to a poor prognosis. Therefore, improved treatment for late-stage HCC is needed. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), among which programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1)/PD-ligand 1 and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated protein 4 are the representative immunological checkpoints, have shown great promise and progress for HCC treatment. The present review summarizes recent studies that have focused on ICIs and discusses the present limitations affecting the development of new therapeutic strategies. D.A. Spandidos 2020-10 2020-07-24 /pmc/articles/PMC7412709/ /pubmed/32802167 http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.11909 Text en Copyright: © Zeng et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) , which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
spellingShingle Review
Zeng, Zhu
Yang, Biao
Liao, Zheng-Yin
Current progress and prospect of immune checkpoint inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma
title Current progress and prospect of immune checkpoint inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma
title_full Current progress and prospect of immune checkpoint inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma
title_fullStr Current progress and prospect of immune checkpoint inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma
title_full_unstemmed Current progress and prospect of immune checkpoint inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma
title_short Current progress and prospect of immune checkpoint inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma
title_sort current progress and prospect of immune checkpoint inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7412709/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32802167
http://dx.doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.11909
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