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Target switch of centipede toxins for antagonistic switch
Animal venoms are powerful, highly evolved chemical weapons for defense and predation. While venoms are used mainly to lethally antagonize heterospecifics (individuals of a different species), nonlethal envenomation of conspecifics (individuals of the same species) is occasionally observed. Both the...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
American Association for the Advancement of Science
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7413724/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32821839 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb5734 |
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author | Yang, Shilong Wang, Yunfei Wang, Lu Kamau, Peter Zhang, Hao Luo, Anna Lu, Xiancui Lai, Ren |
author_facet | Yang, Shilong Wang, Yunfei Wang, Lu Kamau, Peter Zhang, Hao Luo, Anna Lu, Xiancui Lai, Ren |
author_sort | Yang, Shilong |
collection | PubMed |
description | Animal venoms are powerful, highly evolved chemical weapons for defense and predation. While venoms are used mainly to lethally antagonize heterospecifics (individuals of a different species), nonlethal envenomation of conspecifics (individuals of the same species) is occasionally observed. Both the venom and target specifications underlying these two forms of envenomation are still poorly understood. Here, we show a target-switching mechanism in centipede (Scolopendra subspinipes) venom. On the basis of this mechanism, a major toxin component [Ssm Spooky Toxin (SsTx)] in centipede venom inhibits the Shal channel in conspecifics but not in heterospecifics to cause short-term, recoverable, and nonlethal envenomation. This same toxin causes fatal heterospecific envenomation, for example, by switching its target to the Shaker channels in heterospecifics without inhibiting the Shaker channel of conspecific S. subspinipes individuals. These findings suggest that venom components exhibit intricate coevolution with their targets in both heterospecifics and conspecifics, which enables a single toxin to develop graded intraspecific and interspecific antagonistic interactions. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7413724 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | American Association for the Advancement of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-74137242020-08-19 Target switch of centipede toxins for antagonistic switch Yang, Shilong Wang, Yunfei Wang, Lu Kamau, Peter Zhang, Hao Luo, Anna Lu, Xiancui Lai, Ren Sci Adv Research Articles Animal venoms are powerful, highly evolved chemical weapons for defense and predation. While venoms are used mainly to lethally antagonize heterospecifics (individuals of a different species), nonlethal envenomation of conspecifics (individuals of the same species) is occasionally observed. Both the venom and target specifications underlying these two forms of envenomation are still poorly understood. Here, we show a target-switching mechanism in centipede (Scolopendra subspinipes) venom. On the basis of this mechanism, a major toxin component [Ssm Spooky Toxin (SsTx)] in centipede venom inhibits the Shal channel in conspecifics but not in heterospecifics to cause short-term, recoverable, and nonlethal envenomation. This same toxin causes fatal heterospecific envenomation, for example, by switching its target to the Shaker channels in heterospecifics without inhibiting the Shaker channel of conspecific S. subspinipes individuals. These findings suggest that venom components exhibit intricate coevolution with their targets in both heterospecifics and conspecifics, which enables a single toxin to develop graded intraspecific and interspecific antagonistic interactions. American Association for the Advancement of Science 2020-08-07 /pmc/articles/PMC7413724/ /pubmed/32821839 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb5734 Text en Copyright © 2020 The Authors, some rights reserved; exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC). https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) , which permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, so long as the resultant use is not for commercial advantage and provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Articles Yang, Shilong Wang, Yunfei Wang, Lu Kamau, Peter Zhang, Hao Luo, Anna Lu, Xiancui Lai, Ren Target switch of centipede toxins for antagonistic switch |
title | Target switch of centipede toxins for antagonistic switch |
title_full | Target switch of centipede toxins for antagonistic switch |
title_fullStr | Target switch of centipede toxins for antagonistic switch |
title_full_unstemmed | Target switch of centipede toxins for antagonistic switch |
title_short | Target switch of centipede toxins for antagonistic switch |
title_sort | target switch of centipede toxins for antagonistic switch |
topic | Research Articles |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7413724/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32821839 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abb5734 |
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