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Immune-boosting role of vitamins D, C, E, zinc, selenium and omega-3 fatty acids: Could they help against COVID-19?

The world is currently in the grips of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which has mutated to allow human-to-human spread. Infection can cause fever, dry cough, fatigue, severe pneumonia, respiratory distress syndrome and in some instances death. COVID-19 a...

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Autores principales: Shakoor, Hira, Feehan, Jack, Al Dhaheri, Ayesha S., Ali, Habiba I., Platat, Carine, Ismail, Leila Cheikh, Apostolopoulos, Vasso, Stojanovska, Lily
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier B.V. 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7415215/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33308613
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.08.003
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author Shakoor, Hira
Feehan, Jack
Al Dhaheri, Ayesha S.
Ali, Habiba I.
Platat, Carine
Ismail, Leila Cheikh
Apostolopoulos, Vasso
Stojanovska, Lily
author_facet Shakoor, Hira
Feehan, Jack
Al Dhaheri, Ayesha S.
Ali, Habiba I.
Platat, Carine
Ismail, Leila Cheikh
Apostolopoulos, Vasso
Stojanovska, Lily
author_sort Shakoor, Hira
collection PubMed
description The world is currently in the grips of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which has mutated to allow human-to-human spread. Infection can cause fever, dry cough, fatigue, severe pneumonia, respiratory distress syndrome and in some instances death. COVID-19 affects the immune system by producing a systemic inflammatory response, or cytokine release syndrome. Patients with COVID-19 have shown a high level of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. There are currently no effective anti-SARS-CoV-2 viral drugs or vaccines. COVID-19 disproportionately affects the elderly, both directly, and through a number of significant age-related comorbidities. Undoubtedly, nutrition is a key determinant of maintaining good health. Key dietary components such as vitamins C, D, E, zinc, selenium and the omega 3 fatty acids have well-established immunomodulatory effects, with benefits in infectious disease. Some of these nutrients have also been shown to have a potential role in the management of COVID-19. In this paper, evidence surrounding the role of these dietary components in immunity as well as their specific effect in COVID-19 patients are discussed. In addition, how supplementation of these nutrients may be used as therapeutic modalities potentially to decrease the morbidity and mortality rates of patients with COVID-19 is discussed.
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spelling pubmed-74152152020-08-10 Immune-boosting role of vitamins D, C, E, zinc, selenium and omega-3 fatty acids: Could they help against COVID-19? Shakoor, Hira Feehan, Jack Al Dhaheri, Ayesha S. Ali, Habiba I. Platat, Carine Ismail, Leila Cheikh Apostolopoulos, Vasso Stojanovska, Lily Maturitas Review Article The world is currently in the grips of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which has mutated to allow human-to-human spread. Infection can cause fever, dry cough, fatigue, severe pneumonia, respiratory distress syndrome and in some instances death. COVID-19 affects the immune system by producing a systemic inflammatory response, or cytokine release syndrome. Patients with COVID-19 have shown a high level of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. There are currently no effective anti-SARS-CoV-2 viral drugs or vaccines. COVID-19 disproportionately affects the elderly, both directly, and through a number of significant age-related comorbidities. Undoubtedly, nutrition is a key determinant of maintaining good health. Key dietary components such as vitamins C, D, E, zinc, selenium and the omega 3 fatty acids have well-established immunomodulatory effects, with benefits in infectious disease. Some of these nutrients have also been shown to have a potential role in the management of COVID-19. In this paper, evidence surrounding the role of these dietary components in immunity as well as their specific effect in COVID-19 patients are discussed. In addition, how supplementation of these nutrients may be used as therapeutic modalities potentially to decrease the morbidity and mortality rates of patients with COVID-19 is discussed. Elsevier B.V. 2021-01 2020-08-09 /pmc/articles/PMC7415215/ /pubmed/33308613 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.08.003 Text en © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.
spellingShingle Review Article
Shakoor, Hira
Feehan, Jack
Al Dhaheri, Ayesha S.
Ali, Habiba I.
Platat, Carine
Ismail, Leila Cheikh
Apostolopoulos, Vasso
Stojanovska, Lily
Immune-boosting role of vitamins D, C, E, zinc, selenium and omega-3 fatty acids: Could they help against COVID-19?
title Immune-boosting role of vitamins D, C, E, zinc, selenium and omega-3 fatty acids: Could they help against COVID-19?
title_full Immune-boosting role of vitamins D, C, E, zinc, selenium and omega-3 fatty acids: Could they help against COVID-19?
title_fullStr Immune-boosting role of vitamins D, C, E, zinc, selenium and omega-3 fatty acids: Could they help against COVID-19?
title_full_unstemmed Immune-boosting role of vitamins D, C, E, zinc, selenium and omega-3 fatty acids: Could they help against COVID-19?
title_short Immune-boosting role of vitamins D, C, E, zinc, selenium and omega-3 fatty acids: Could they help against COVID-19?
title_sort immune-boosting role of vitamins d, c, e, zinc, selenium and omega-3 fatty acids: could they help against covid-19?
topic Review Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7415215/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33308613
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2020.08.003
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