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Kin recognition and perceived facial similarity
Facial similarity between individuals informs kinship judgments in third-party kin recognition. Indeed, one study found that similarity and kinship judgments encapsulate the same information (Maloney & Dal Martello, 2006). Yet, another study found that this is not the case when comparing adult f...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology
2020
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7416882/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32579674 http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/jov.20.6.18 |
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author | Hansen, Florian DeBruine, Lisa M. Holzleitner, Iris J. Lee, Anthony J. O'Shea, Kieran J. Fasolt, Vanessa |
author_facet | Hansen, Florian DeBruine, Lisa M. Holzleitner, Iris J. Lee, Anthony J. O'Shea, Kieran J. Fasolt, Vanessa |
author_sort | Hansen, Florian |
collection | PubMed |
description | Facial similarity between individuals informs kinship judgments in third-party kin recognition. Indeed, one study found that similarity and kinship judgments encapsulate the same information (Maloney & Dal Martello, 2006). Yet, another study found that this is not the case when comparing adult face pairs of different sex (DeBruine et al., 2009). We replicated these studies to further clarify the role of facial similarity in kin recognition. We recruited 318 raters, who were shown 50 sibling pairs and 50 age- and sex-matched unrelated pairs ranging from 3 to 17 years old. Each rater was randomly assigned to make either kinship judgments (“related” or “unrelated”) or similarity judgments (scale from 0 [not very similar] to 10 [very similar]). The threshold model found that performance in both tasks was equally accurate, with participants detecting child siblings in the kinship task above chance and giving significantly higher similarity ratings to siblings in the similarity task. In both tasks, opposite-sex siblings were perceived to be siblings less often than same-sex siblings, and judgments of unrelated face pairs were not affected by the sex of faces. Conversely, the effect of age difference within pairs of faces differed for the two tasks: a greater age difference decreased all kinship judgments, but only decreased similarity judgments of siblings, not unrelated pairs. In line with DeBruine et al. (2009), these findings suggest that similarity and kinship judgments are highly correlated but not strictly synonymous. The OSF Pre-registration Challenge for this project can be found at osf.io/ps9hy and the data at osf.io/sef9k. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-7416882 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2020 |
publisher | The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-74168822020-08-24 Kin recognition and perceived facial similarity Hansen, Florian DeBruine, Lisa M. Holzleitner, Iris J. Lee, Anthony J. O'Shea, Kieran J. Fasolt, Vanessa J Vis Article Facial similarity between individuals informs kinship judgments in third-party kin recognition. Indeed, one study found that similarity and kinship judgments encapsulate the same information (Maloney & Dal Martello, 2006). Yet, another study found that this is not the case when comparing adult face pairs of different sex (DeBruine et al., 2009). We replicated these studies to further clarify the role of facial similarity in kin recognition. We recruited 318 raters, who were shown 50 sibling pairs and 50 age- and sex-matched unrelated pairs ranging from 3 to 17 years old. Each rater was randomly assigned to make either kinship judgments (“related” or “unrelated”) or similarity judgments (scale from 0 [not very similar] to 10 [very similar]). The threshold model found that performance in both tasks was equally accurate, with participants detecting child siblings in the kinship task above chance and giving significantly higher similarity ratings to siblings in the similarity task. In both tasks, opposite-sex siblings were perceived to be siblings less often than same-sex siblings, and judgments of unrelated face pairs were not affected by the sex of faces. Conversely, the effect of age difference within pairs of faces differed for the two tasks: a greater age difference decreased all kinship judgments, but only decreased similarity judgments of siblings, not unrelated pairs. In line with DeBruine et al. (2009), these findings suggest that similarity and kinship judgments are highly correlated but not strictly synonymous. The OSF Pre-registration Challenge for this project can be found at osf.io/ps9hy and the data at osf.io/sef9k. The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology 2020-06-24 /pmc/articles/PMC7416882/ /pubmed/32579674 http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/jov.20.6.18 Text en Copyright 2020 The Authors http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. |
spellingShingle | Article Hansen, Florian DeBruine, Lisa M. Holzleitner, Iris J. Lee, Anthony J. O'Shea, Kieran J. Fasolt, Vanessa Kin recognition and perceived facial similarity |
title | Kin recognition and perceived facial similarity |
title_full | Kin recognition and perceived facial similarity |
title_fullStr | Kin recognition and perceived facial similarity |
title_full_unstemmed | Kin recognition and perceived facial similarity |
title_short | Kin recognition and perceived facial similarity |
title_sort | kin recognition and perceived facial similarity |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7416882/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32579674 http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/jov.20.6.18 |
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