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Epidemiological patterns and antimicrobial resistance of bacterial diarrhea among children in Nairobi City, Kenya

AIM: Determine the prevalence of enteric bacterial pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance among diarrheic children in Nairobi City, Kenya. BACKGROUND: Regardless of enteric bacterial pathogens being a major cause of gastroenteritis in children, their occurrence and antimicrobial resistance pat...

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Autores principales: Webale, Mark Kilongosi, Wanjala, Christine, Guyah, Bernard, Shaviya, Nathan, Munyekenye, Godwil O., Nyanga, Peter Lokamar, Marwa, Immaculate Nyaseba, Kagoiyo, Sammy, Wangai, Laura Nyawira, Webale, Sella K., Kamau, Kenny, Kitungulu, Nicholas
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences 2020
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7417493/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32821354
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author Webale, Mark Kilongosi
Wanjala, Christine
Guyah, Bernard
Shaviya, Nathan
Munyekenye, Godwil O.
Nyanga, Peter Lokamar
Marwa, Immaculate Nyaseba
Kagoiyo, Sammy
Wangai, Laura Nyawira
Webale, Sella K.
Kamau, Kenny
Kitungulu, Nicholas
author_facet Webale, Mark Kilongosi
Wanjala, Christine
Guyah, Bernard
Shaviya, Nathan
Munyekenye, Godwil O.
Nyanga, Peter Lokamar
Marwa, Immaculate Nyaseba
Kagoiyo, Sammy
Wangai, Laura Nyawira
Webale, Sella K.
Kamau, Kenny
Kitungulu, Nicholas
author_sort Webale, Mark Kilongosi
collection PubMed
description AIM: Determine the prevalence of enteric bacterial pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance among diarrheic children in Nairobi City, Kenya. BACKGROUND: Regardless of enteric bacterial pathogens being a major cause of gastroenteritis in children, their occurrence and antimicrobial resistance patterns reveals regional spatial and temporal variation. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, a total of 374 children below five years presenting with diarrhea at Mbagathi County Hospital were recruited. Stool microbiology test was used to detect enteric bacterial infection. Antimicrobial resistance was determined using the disk diffusion method. RESULTS: Diarrheagenic E. coli (36.4%) was the leading species followed by Shigella (3.2%), Salmonella (2.4%), Campylobacter (1.6%), Yersinia (1.3%) and Aeromonas (1.1%) species. Escherichia coli pathotyping revealed that 20.9%, 4.0%, 10.2% and 0.5% of the study participants were infected with enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) and enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) pure isolates while the prevalence of mixed pathotype infections was 0.3% for EAEC/EPEC/ETEC and 0.5% for EAEC/ETEC. Shigella sero-grouping revealed that 0.5%, 0.3%, 1.9%, and 0.5% were infected with Shigella boydii, Shigella dysentriae, Shigella flexneri and Shigella sonnei pure isolates. Shigella species and E. coli co-infection was detected in 2.4% of the children, specifically, 1.1% for EAEC/Shigella boydii, 0.5% for EAEC/Shigella dysentriae and 0.3% in each case of EAEC/Shigella sonnei, EPEC/Shigella flexneri and ETEC/Shigella flexneri co-infections. Most of the isolates were resistant to commonly prescribed antibiotics. CONCLUSION: There was a high prevalence of enteric bacterial pathogens and co-infection alters epidemiological dynamics of bacterial diarrhea in children. Continuous antibiotic resistance surveillance is justified because the pathogens were highly resistant to commonly prescribed antimicrobials.
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spelling pubmed-74174932020-08-19 Epidemiological patterns and antimicrobial resistance of bacterial diarrhea among children in Nairobi City, Kenya Webale, Mark Kilongosi Wanjala, Christine Guyah, Bernard Shaviya, Nathan Munyekenye, Godwil O. Nyanga, Peter Lokamar Marwa, Immaculate Nyaseba Kagoiyo, Sammy Wangai, Laura Nyawira Webale, Sella K. Kamau, Kenny Kitungulu, Nicholas Gastroenterol Hepatol Bed Bench Original Article AIM: Determine the prevalence of enteric bacterial pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance among diarrheic children in Nairobi City, Kenya. BACKGROUND: Regardless of enteric bacterial pathogens being a major cause of gastroenteritis in children, their occurrence and antimicrobial resistance patterns reveals regional spatial and temporal variation. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, a total of 374 children below five years presenting with diarrhea at Mbagathi County Hospital were recruited. Stool microbiology test was used to detect enteric bacterial infection. Antimicrobial resistance was determined using the disk diffusion method. RESULTS: Diarrheagenic E. coli (36.4%) was the leading species followed by Shigella (3.2%), Salmonella (2.4%), Campylobacter (1.6%), Yersinia (1.3%) and Aeromonas (1.1%) species. Escherichia coli pathotyping revealed that 20.9%, 4.0%, 10.2% and 0.5% of the study participants were infected with enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) and enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) pure isolates while the prevalence of mixed pathotype infections was 0.3% for EAEC/EPEC/ETEC and 0.5% for EAEC/ETEC. Shigella sero-grouping revealed that 0.5%, 0.3%, 1.9%, and 0.5% were infected with Shigella boydii, Shigella dysentriae, Shigella flexneri and Shigella sonnei pure isolates. Shigella species and E. coli co-infection was detected in 2.4% of the children, specifically, 1.1% for EAEC/Shigella boydii, 0.5% for EAEC/Shigella dysentriae and 0.3% in each case of EAEC/Shigella sonnei, EPEC/Shigella flexneri and ETEC/Shigella flexneri co-infections. Most of the isolates were resistant to commonly prescribed antibiotics. CONCLUSION: There was a high prevalence of enteric bacterial pathogens and co-infection alters epidemiological dynamics of bacterial diarrhea in children. Continuous antibiotic resistance surveillance is justified because the pathogens were highly resistant to commonly prescribed antimicrobials. Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences 2020 /pmc/articles/PMC7417493/ /pubmed/32821354 Text en ©2020 RIGLD, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/) which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Original Article
Webale, Mark Kilongosi
Wanjala, Christine
Guyah, Bernard
Shaviya, Nathan
Munyekenye, Godwil O.
Nyanga, Peter Lokamar
Marwa, Immaculate Nyaseba
Kagoiyo, Sammy
Wangai, Laura Nyawira
Webale, Sella K.
Kamau, Kenny
Kitungulu, Nicholas
Epidemiological patterns and antimicrobial resistance of bacterial diarrhea among children in Nairobi City, Kenya
title Epidemiological patterns and antimicrobial resistance of bacterial diarrhea among children in Nairobi City, Kenya
title_full Epidemiological patterns and antimicrobial resistance of bacterial diarrhea among children in Nairobi City, Kenya
title_fullStr Epidemiological patterns and antimicrobial resistance of bacterial diarrhea among children in Nairobi City, Kenya
title_full_unstemmed Epidemiological patterns and antimicrobial resistance of bacterial diarrhea among children in Nairobi City, Kenya
title_short Epidemiological patterns and antimicrobial resistance of bacterial diarrhea among children in Nairobi City, Kenya
title_sort epidemiological patterns and antimicrobial resistance of bacterial diarrhea among children in nairobi city, kenya
topic Original Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7417493/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32821354
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